电能替代战略中电动汽车的推广潜力及经济性分析-电气技术.pdf

“电能替代”战略中电动汽车的 推广潜力及经济性分析 吴奇珂 程 帆 陈昕儒 （东南大学电气工程学院，南京 210096 ） 摘要 本文叙述推广电动汽车对“电能替代”的作用，列举推广电动汽车的现状及发展趋势， 并对推广电动汽车竞争力展开讨论。随后，从技术、经济、社会三方面阐述电动汽车的推广潜力， 分析电动汽车实施“电能替代”的可行性，同时针对电动汽车推广的经济效益进行算例分析，并 计算出电动汽车相比传统燃油汽车的成本优势。本文末尾对电动汽车推广机制作简要阐述，并得 出结论。 关键词：电动汽车；电能替代；潜力分析；经济效益分析 Potential and Economic Analysis of Electric Vehicles in ‘Electric Energy Substitution’ Strategy Wu Qike Cheng Fan Chen Xinru (The school of electrical engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096) Abstract This paper describes the role of promoting electric vehicles in ‘electric energy substitution’, and expounds the current situation and development trend of electric vehicles,discusses the competitiveness of electric vehicles. Subsequently, from the technical, economic and social aspects of the electric vehicles,this paper illustrates the the potential of electric vehicles.Besides, the paper analyses the feasibility of applying electric vehicles in ‘electric energy substitution’, and cites a example to explain the economic benefits in promoting electric vehicles by calculating the cost of electric car compared to traditional fuel vehicles. In the end, this paper makes a brief exposition of promoting the electric vehicle, and draws the conclusion. Keywords ：electric cars; electrical energy substitution; potential analisis; economic benefit analysis “电能替代”是指利用电力能源代替煤、油、 亿 kW ·h 。 气等常规终端能源，通过大规模集中转化来提高燃 虽然我国在“电能替代”领域投入巨大，并取 料使用效率、减少污染物排放，促进环境保护。目 得了可喜的成果，但与发达国家相比仍有许多不 前，常规终端能源有煤、石油、天然气等，可依此 足[2] ，具体表现在：①相关技术标准和法规仍不完 将电能替代的基本途径分为三类，即以电代煤、以 善；②宣传、培训力度不够；③缺乏电能替代工程 电代油、以电代气[1] 。