电子信息工程-利用数字方法分析信号频谱及系统特性.docVIP

黑龙江财经学院毕业论文（设计） PAGE PAGE 毕业论文（设计） 毕业论文 利用数字方法分析信号频谱 　　　　　　题　　目 及系统特性 指导教师 　　　　　　学生姓名 二O一四 年 四 月 二十 PAGE PAGE i 利用数字方法分析信号频谱及系统特性 摘 要 频谱分析是将信号表现成不同频率的正弦分量或虚指数分量的迭加，即从频率的角度分析信号。频谱分析重要的是剖析信号由哪些频率的正弦信号迭加得到的；这些正弦信号的振幅，也就是分析信号的频率构成。跟随着计算机和微电子技术的成熟，使用数字方式分析信号频谱发挥重要的作用，而且是应用到了各个领域。分析数字信号频谱不仅是揭示信号特性的最重要的方法，重要的是周期性分量的识别信号，也是一种信号处理的重要方法。DFT在时域和频域上都是已离散的傅里叶变换，适合数值计算而且快速的算法；是利用计算机实现信号频谱分析的时常使用的数学工具，主要讲解了利用DFT分析信号频谱的根本程序, 解释说明了信号频谱分析过程当中的差错及减小分析差错的重要举措, 实例列出了MATLAB环境下信号频谱分析完成的过程。通过理论分析的对照, 解释了使用DFT分析信号频谱时存在的频谱混叠、频谱泄漏及栅栏效应, 并提出了相对的改善方法。 关键词：频谱分析；数字方法；MATLAB；离散傅里叶变换； PAGE ii PAGE ii Using digital signal spectrum analysis method and system characteristics Abstract Spectrum analysis is expressed as a sinusoidal signal component or the imaginary component of the index of the superposition of different frequencies , i.e., the angle from the frequency analysis signal . Spectrum analysis , the amplitude of the sinusoidal signal and analyzes the signal which is superimposed sinusoidal signal obtained by frequency , the frequency analysis of the signal is constituted . With the development of computer and microelectronics technology , the use of digital signal spectrum analysis method has been applied to various fields and plays an important role . Digital signal spectrum analysis method is not only important to reveal the signal characteristics , mainly used for the periodic component of the identification signal , the signal processing means is also important . DFT is in the time domain and frequency domain are discrete Fourier transform , fast and suitable for numerical calculation algorithm is the use of a computer to achieve a common signal spectrum analysis article describes the use of mathematical tools to analyze the signal DFT spectrum of basic processes, spectrum analysis focuses on the causes of the formation process of the error and error analysis of the main measures to reduce the instances cited the spectral analysis of MATLAB