温度对厌氧氨氧化工艺的短期影响和长期影响.docVIP

温度对厌氧氨氧化工艺的短期影响和长期影响 摘要：为了在最佳条件下操作，厌氧氨氧化工艺的应用通常集中在30℃左右下废水的处理。在这项工作中，可测试厌氧氨氧化工艺在较低温度下应用的可行性。首先，采用批量试验研究温度对厌氧氨氧化生物量的短期影响。计算其活化能为63kJ mol?1，并在35－40℃下有最大活性。由于生物质裂解，45℃下已完成的测试表明了活性的不可逆损失。 SBR在不同的温度（从15到30℃）下操作是为了确定长期影响。在18℃时该系统成功运行在但当温度降低到15℃，亚硝酸盐开始积累，系统失去稳定性。在第一批测试期间获得的比活性与在SBR操作过程中获得的比活性进行比较可观察到生物对低温的适应性。 关键词：厌氧氨氮化；序批式反应器(SBR)；特定的厌氧氨氧化活性（SAA）；温度 Short- and long-term effects of temperature on the Anammox process Abstract：The application of the Anammox process has been usually focused on the treatment of wastewater with temperatures around 30 ?C in order to operate under optimum conditions. In this work, the feasibility of the application of the Anammox process at lower temperatures has been tested.First, the short-term effects of temperature on the Anammox biomass were studied using batch tests. An activation energy of 63 kJ mol?1 was calculated and the maximum activity was found at 35–40 ?C. Activity tests done at 45 ?C showed an irreversible loss of the activity due to the biomass lysis. A SBR was operated at different temperatures (from 30 to 15 ?C) to determine the long-term effects. The system was successfully operated at 18 ?C but when temperature was decreased to 15 ?C, nitrite started to accumulate and the system lost its stability. Adaptation of biomass to low temperatures was observed when the specific activities obtained during first batch tests are compared to those obtained during the operation of the SBR. Keywords: Anammox; Sequencing batch reactor (SBR); Specific Anammox activity (SAA); Temperature 前言 目前，我国城市污水处理厂进水水质有机物普遍偏低，碳源不足，脱氮效率难以保证[1]。针对这一情况，人们开发了许多新型、高效的脱氮工艺，例如，同步硝化反硝化、短程硝化反硝化、厌氧氨氧化和CANON工艺等[2-5]。厌氧氨氧化是目前为止最有效、最经济的一种脱氮途径，与传统的脱氮工艺相比，它具有运行费用低、无需外加碳源、耗氧量少等优点[6]。厌氧氨氧化(Anaerobic ammonium oxidation，ANAMMOX)工艺由荷兰Delft技术大学开发。1995年，荷兰Delft技术大学的Mulder等人在处理工业废水的中试反硝化流化床中观察到了氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮成比例去除、并伴随着N2生成的现象，将其命名为厌氧氨氧化[7]。Van de Graaf等提出在厌氧氨氧化过程中NO2-是关键的电子受体[8]。厌氧氨氧化的基本原理是在厌氧或缺氧条件下，微生物直接以NH4+