用VHDL语言编程实现FIR滤波器.docVIP

PAGE 摘要 本课题是基于VHDL的数字滤波器的设计与实现，要求完成数字滤波器的VHDL语言的模块描述，通过MAX+PLUSII进行各模块及顶层的仿真,并下载实现数字滤波器功能。本设计采用窗函数法实现线性FIR数字滤波器的设计，并以一个十六阶低通FIR数字滤波器的实现为例说明了设计过程。首先，根据FIR数字滤波器的基本原理设计出系统总体框图；其次，用窗函数法计算出特性参数；接着用VHDL语言编写各模块的程序并仿真；最后，按照系统总体框图连接各模块实现数字滤波器的功能。实现滤波器的关键——乘加运算，给出了将乘加运算转化为移位相加的算法，并采用了CSD码与并行加法结构来提高速度。设计的电路通过软件进行了验证，结果表明：电路工作正确可靠，速度快，能满足设计要求。 关键词：FIR滤波器，VHDL，窗函数，CSD码 Abstract This subject is design and realization of digital filter based on VHDL. It requires to complete the description of digital filter module which is based on VHDL language , simulate each module and the top layer using MAX+PLUSII and download to realize function of digital filter. This design uses window function method to realize the design of linear FIR digital filter and illustrate the design process according to the realization of a 16 steps low pass FIR digital filter. Firstly, design the total system diagram according to the basic principle of FIR digital filter; Secondly, use window function method to calculate characteristic parameters; Then compile and simulate the program of each module using VHDL language; Finally, connect the modules according to the whole system diagram to realize function of digital filter. The key of realizing FIR filter——multiply and add operation, an operation of changing multiply and add operation to shift add will be given, besides, canonic signal digital and parallel add structure will be adopted to increase speed. The circuit that is designed is proved through the software. The result shows that the circuit works correctly, reliably and quickly, meeting the designing requirement. Keywords: FIR digital filter, VHDL, Window Function, Canonic Signal Digital (CSD) 目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 第一章 绪论 1 一、课题的提出 1 二、国内外的研究情况 2 第二章 课题的初步设计 4 一、FIR滤波器的基本原理 4 （一）FIR滤波器的概述与结构 4 （二）FIR滤波器的线性相位条件 5 （三）FIR滤波器的幅度特性 6 （四）FIR滤波器的零点特性 8 二、窗函数设计法 8 三、系统框图 13 四、设计特点 13 第三章 用VHDL语言编程实现FIR滤波器 16 一、参数设计 16 二、CSD码 19 （一）传统的CSD码介绍 19 （二）本设计中所使用的CSD