新概念第二册Lesson4.pptVIP

1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态,常与since + 过去的时间点，for + 一段时间，so far 等时间状语连用。 I have learnt English for more than ten years. (从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学) She has swum since half an hour ago. (半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游) -- It’s so dark. --Someone has turned off the light. (有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑) 延续性动词VS 非延续性动词。 延续行动词是指那些动作意义不会一下完成，而是可以延续、发展的动词。如：work, read, write, study 等。这些动词的完成时可以和段时间状语连用。 非延续性动词是指那些动作一次完成，不能延续的动词。如：come, go, buy, die, join, begin等。这些动词的肯定式不能和段时间状语连用。 He died 10 years ago. He has been dead for 10 years / since 10 years ago. die 是终止性动词,表示动作,常用作谓语,含义为“断气”。 dead是形容词,与be动词连用，表示死的状态。 She has been back for two years.(正） She has come back for two years（误） I have bought this book for ten months. （×） I have got this book for ten months. 1. I left hometown ten years ago. ---I have been away from hometown for ten years. 2. He borrowed the book two weeks ago. --- He has kept the book for two weeks. 3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. ---He has got the motorbike for a month. 4. He arrived here three days ago. --- He has been here since three days ago. leave-- come/go (to) -- arrive (at/in)-- get (to)-- reach-- buy-- borrow-- finish-- join-- start/begin-- die-- close-- open-- return-- marry-- become-- be away (from) be (in/at) be (in/at) be (in/at) be (in/at) have keep be over be in/be a/an… be on be dead be closed be open be back be married be 5. They turned off the light two hours ago. --- The light ____ ____ ____ for two hours. is off 6. He left here two years ago. --- He ____ ____ ____ from here for two years. is away 7. The film began 30 minutes ago. --- The film ____ ____ ____ for 30 minutes. is on 8. They opened the door an hour ago. --- The door ____ ____ ____ for an hour. is open 9. They closed the door an hour ago. --- The door ____ ____ ____ for an hour. is closed 注意： 在否定句中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用。 如：I haven’t bought the bike for a year. 我买这辆自行车还不到一年。 Sh