Chapter4Determinersandgenitives限定词和属格.ppt

Chapter Review This chapter extends the topic with nouns, focusing on determiners and genitives in relation to nouns.重点是与名词相关的限定词和属格。 First, five differences between determiners and adjectives.首先，限定词和形容词的区别。 Then, the functions, sub-classes and usage of determiners.其次，限定词的功能，分类和用法。 Finally,forms and types of genitives. 最后，属格(所有格)的形式和类型。 Technical terms 专业术语 determiner [d?t??m?n?] 限定词 identifier [a?dent?fa??] 识别功能 quantifier [kw?nt?fa??] 数量功能 generic [d??ner?k] reference 类指 specific [sp?s?f?k] reference 确指 genitive [d?en?t?v] 属格；所有格 of-phrase. of短语 group genitive 集体属格 local genitive 地点属格 double genitive 双重属格 4.0 Introduction eg:Our nations [ancient culture presented to us by our sages] Modifiers: ancient and presented to us by our sages Head word: culture Determiner and genitive: our nations 最常见的限定词(P91第二段)：articles冠词，possessive pronouns物主代词, demonstrative pronouns指示代词， numerals数量词等。 4.1 Determiners 限定词 Determiners refer to words which are used in the premodification of a noun phrase and which typically precede any adjectives that premodify the head word. 限定词指的是用在名词短语前置修饰语中的词，一般在修饰中心词的形容词之前。 eg: these pretty girls a nice girl Differences between determiners and adjectives : (了解) 限定词和形容词之间的区别(P92第一段最后一句) 1.限定词通常在形容词之前 Eg: a nice girl 2.限定词的选择由中心词决定，而不是形容词决定 Eg: a/the good man, *these good man(错误) 3.形容词表示中心词特征，限定词识别和量化中心词。 Eg: many good/useful books 4.形容词可放在中心词后，限定词不可 Eg: people old and young, * people many or few(错误) 5.形容词有比较级，限定词没有 4.1.1 Functions of determiners 功能：identifier 识别功能 quantifiers 数量功能 definite reference 特指 indefinite reference 泛指 Eg: There is a house on the hill. (泛指识别) The house is mine.(特指识别) I want some coffee.(泛指数量) Give me two hours to finish this work.(特指数量) 4.1.2 Co-occurrence of determiners 限定词同现 当多个限定词同时出现，共同修饰中心词时，有一定的排列顺序，如课本(P93表格)： 前位限定词: all, both, twice, many… 中位限定词: 冠词，指示词，物主代词，所有格… 后位限定词: 基数词，序数词，many, much, little... Eg: I know all the three other girls in our class. 注意：一般情况下，只能同时使用一个前位或者中位限定词，但是后