51单片机频率计1602.docx

广东海洋大学《单片机》课程设计说明书 PAGE 18 电子产品设计与开发 结 课 论 文 题目： 其于51单片机的频率计设计与仿真 班级： 电子1104班 姓名： 陈** （组员） 学号：03 电话： 1376****** 成员： 曾* （组长） 学号： 29 电话： 13726****** 成员： 孙* （组员） 学号： 21 电话： 137*******  目录 一、需求分析 二、方案设计 1设计基本原理·······························································4 1.1测量频率的原理·······················································4 1.2系统设计框图·························································4 三、软件设计··································································5 1资源分配表·································································5 2程序流程框图·······························································6 系统硬件线路设计图·····················································7 1 单片机最小系统设计·······················································7 2 液晶LCD1602显示电路····················································8 3 频率测量电路······························································11 五.系统仿真、测试结果及性能分析·······································12 1系统仿真、测试结果························································12 2性能分析·····································································13 六、心得与体会·································································14 七、参考文献·····································································14 摘　要 本设计提出了一种基于AT89C51单片机开发的数字频率测量仪的设计。系统以单片机AT89C51为核心，构成完备的测量系统。可以对信号进行频率的精确测量，测频在1Hz至10kHZ。采用液晶LCD1602显示被测信号的频率。与传统的电路系统相比，其有处理速度快、稳定性高、性价比高、硬件结构简单的优点。关键词：单片机；低频；绝对误差 一、需求分析 频率测量在科技研究和实际应用中的作用日益重要。传统的频率计通采用组合电路和时序电路等大量的硬件电路构成，产品不但体积较大，运行速度慢，而且测量低频信号时不宜直接使用。频率信号抗干扰性强、易于传输,可以获得较高的测量精度。同时,频率测量方法的优化也越来越受到重视.并采用AT89C51 单片机和相关硬软件实现。MCS—51系列单片机具有体积小，功能强，性能价格比较高等特点，因此被广泛应用于工业控制和智能化仪器，仪表等领域。我们研制的频率计以89c51单片机为核心，具有性能优良，精度高，可靠性好等特点。 二、设计方案 此次课程设计采用间接测量法来测量。要用到GATE信号，GATE=1时，TR0=1，INTO=1才能启动计数器，而计数器0是通过外部中断INTO的下降沿开始触发的，计时器从0开始计时，计数器只能测高电平，因此测得的时间为半个周期。当计数器0计时溢出，执行m加1的操作。则测量时间为：t1=TH0*256+TL