RobertFull_2002生物进化启发工程设计.docxVIP

1.Welcome. If I could have the first slide please? 欢迎大家！能调到第一张幻灯片吗？2.Contrary to calculations made by some engineers, bees can fly, dolphins can swim, and geckos can even climb up the smoothest surfaces. Now what I want to do, in the short time I have, 与工程师们所计算的正好相反：蜜蜂能飞 海豚能游泳，壁虎甚至可以 在最光滑的表面垂直爬行。我现在利用很短的一点时间3.is to try to allow each of you to experience, sort of, the thrill of revealing natures design. 想让你们都体验一下 揭开大自然设计的奥秘有多么刺激4.I get to do this all the time, and its just incredible. 我每次都有机会做这个，真是难以置信5.I want to try to share just a little bit of that with you in this presentation. 现在要和你们一同分享6.The challenge of looking at natures designs -- and Ill tell you the way that we perceive it, and the way weve used it. 窥探自然匠心的挑战 我们怎么去理解它、应用它7.The challenge of course, is to answer this question: What permits this extraordinary performance of animals that allows them basically to go anywhere? 其中的挑战自然是围绕着一个问题： 是什么使得动物拥有某些能力，让它们的分布 广泛得如此出乎意料，几乎无处不在8.And if we could figure that out how can we implement those designs? 倘若我们能掌握这些设计的话会发生什么呢？9.Well, many biologists will tell engineers and others, organisms have millions of years to get it right, theyre spectacular, they can do everything wonderfully well. 好吧，许多生物学家都会跟工程师们说 生物们花了上百万年才把这些东西弄对 让人叹为观止，这些家伙没什么做不了的10.So the answer is biomimicry -- just copy nature directly. 所以它们的答案是:直接复制自然11.We know from working on animals that the truth is its exactly what you dont want to do. Because evolution works on the just-good-enough principle, not on a perfecting principle. 通过研究动物我们知道 其实这样根本不行。因为进化 遵循的是“见好就收”的原则，而不是“精益求精”12.And the constraints in building any organism when you look at it are really severe. Natural technologies have incredible constraints. 造化在“设计”任何一种生物时面临的障碍 都十分严峻。“自然科技”遇到的困难复杂得无可想象13.Think about it. If you were an engineer and I told you that you had to build an automobile but it had to start off to be this big, then it had to grow to be full size and had to work every step along the