机电专业英语 中级 教学课件 作者 谭雪松 杨财荣 unit 2.pptVIP

[4] The extent of product liability actions, often the result of improper material use, has had a marked impact. liability action：责任诉讼 improper material use：不正确的使用材料 marked impact：显著影响。 翻译：由于材料选用不当造成的产品责任诉讼，已经产生了深刻的影响。 [5] Therefore, it is imperative that design and manufacturing engineers exercise considerable care in selecting, specifying, and utilizing materials if they are to achieve satisfactory results at reasonable cost and still assure quality. design and manufacturing engineers：设计工程师和制造工程师exercise considerable care in：投入极大的关注 achieve satisfactory results：得到满意的结果 easonable cost：合理的成本 still assure quality：稳定可靠的质量。 翻译：因此，为了能在合理的成本和确保质量的前提下获得满意的结果，设计工程师和制造工程师都必须认真仔细地选择、确定和使用材料。 [6] Usually several concepts are visualized and considered，and a decision is made that if the idea is practical and one or more of the conceptual designs should be developed that they are readily available in the needed quantities. 翻译：通常要设想和考虑几个方案，然后决定这种想法是否可行；如果可行，则应该对其中的一个或几个方案作进一步的改进。 if the idea is practical：想法是否可行 develop：进一步改进。 Reading Materials（阅读材料） Springs（弹簧） Springs are mechanical members which are designed to give a relatively large amount of elastic deflection (弹性变形) under the action of an externally applied load (外加载荷). Hooke’s law, which states that deflection is proportional to load, is the basis of behavior (特性) of springs. However, some springs are designed to produce a nonlinear relationship (非线性关系) between load and deflection. 弹簧是一种能够在外载荷作用下，产生相当大弹性变形的机械零件。描述变形与载荷成正比的胡克定律表明了弹簧的基本性能。然而，也有一些弹簧在其设计时所确定的载荷与变形之间的关系就是非线性的。 The following is a list of the important purposes and applications of springs: ? Control of motion in machine. ? Reduction of transmitted forces as a result of impact or shock loading. ? Storage of energy. ? Measurement of force. 弹簧的主要用途如下所述： ? 控制机构运动。 ? 缓冲和减振。 ? 储存能量。 ? 测量力的大小。 Grammars（语法）动名词 动名词在句子中的作用 动名词的形式 特殊用法 动名词的复合结构 1.动名词在句子中的作用 动名词可以起名词的作用，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。动名词仍保留动词的一般特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语，构成动名词短语。 （1）作主语。 例句： ? Pl