循证医学的个体化原则和方法.pptVIP

循证医学实践个体化的原则与方法 河北医科大学第三医院重症医学科 董士民 E-mail:dsm_123@163.com 临床研究的证据都是源于临床对患者个体特征进行分析、总结和归纳，而获得的科学的研究结果。 临床理论、证据或成果都是对疾病的本质从个体特征的感性认识，升华到共性的理性认识。 因此，循证医学实践中就必然出现“理论与实践”相结合的个体化特征的认识与处理问题。 Evidence-based medicine From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Evidence-based medicine (EBM) aims to apply the best available evidence gained from the scientific method to medical decision making.It seeks to assess the quality of evidence of the risks and benefits of treatments (including lack of treatment). EBM recognizes that many aspects of medical care depend on individual factors such as quality- and value-of-life judgments, which are only partially subject to scientific methods. EBM, however, seeks to clarify those parts of medical practice that are in principle subject to scientific methods and to apply these methods to ensure the best prediction of outcomes in medical treatment, even as debate continues about which outcomes are desirable. 循证医学的工作流程 个体的统一性 循证医学证据 个体化应用 循证医学定义 分类 Process and progress Generally, there are three distinct, but interdependent, areas of EBM. The first is to treat individual patients with acute or chronic pathologies by treatments supported in the most scientifically valid medical literature. Thus, medical practitioners would select treatment options for specific cases based on the best research for each patient they treat. The second area is the systematic review of medical literature to evaluate the best studies on specific topics. This process can be very human-centered, as in a journal club, or highly technical, using computer programs and information techniques such as data mining. Increased use of information technology turns large volumes of information into practical guides. Finally, evidence-based medicine can be understood as a medical “movement” in which advocates work to popularize the method and usefulness of the practice in the public, patient communities, educ