句法复合句定语从句.ppt

English Grammar 句子分类 句子分类 简单句 (simple sentence) 简单句 (simple sentence) E.g. They work hard. (主+谓) He likes English very much. (主+谓+宾) He is generous. (主+系+表) I will tell my friends to protect the trees. (主+谓+宾+宾补) He gave me some seeds. (主+谓+宾语+宾语) 并列句 (compound sentence ) 并列句 (compound sentence ) E.g. The signal was given, and the steamer moved slowly from the dock. Hurry or you won’t catch the bus. I had a drink,then I went home. （ 连接副词） It rained, therefore the game was called off. （ 连接副词） E.g. I know he is a teacher. (宾语从句) It?was?raining?when?we?arrived. (状语从句) He?is?the?only?man?that?I?want?to?see. (定语从句) 定语从句 ( Attributive Clause) The nice girl was Mr.Johns daughter. 那个漂亮女孩是约翰先生的女儿。 主语 系动词 表语 The nice girl who said good-bye to us was Mr. Johns daughter. 先行词 关系词 （定语从句） 那个和我们说再见的漂亮女孩是约翰先生的女儿。 定语从句 ( Attributive Clause) 定义：复合句中充当定语成分的句子 （一个句子作另一个句子的定语） 作用：修饰和限定之前的名词、代词或整个句子 结构：在先行词之后，由一个关系词（关系代词/ 关系副词）引出 定语从句 ( Attributive Clause) 先行词：被修饰的词 常见关系词：(不仅起链接作用，在句子中充当成分) 关系代词：which,that,who,whom,whose 关系副词：where,why,when 定语从句 ( Attributive Clause) E.g. (找出先行词和关系代词) He is the man that I served. There is a road which goes through the island. He finds the book which you gave me last week very interesting. We lived in Mr. Johns room, whose door opened to the south. The winter has been very cold, which is unusual in the country. 定语从句 ( Attributive Clause) 限定性定语从句 关系代词（指认）：that, who, whom 作主语：that, who 作宾语：that, whom（可省略） E.g. 1. The man who is sitting there is my father. (作主语) that 2. The girl whom I saw yesterday is Sally. (作宾语，可省略) who that 定语从句 ( Attributive Clause) 限定性定语从句 关系代词（指物）：that, which（作宾语时可省略） E.g. 1. This is the book which tells us how to learn English.(作主语) that 2. The chair which you broke yesterday is being repaired