菜基地土壤重金属含量及其污染评价.docVIP

2a09年4月 第2期126~131 甘肃农业大学学报 J烈眼NAL 0F GJ气NSU AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY 第44卷 双月刊 郑州郊区蔬菜基地土壤重金属含量及其污染评价 沈阿林1,王洋洋1,孙世恺2 (1.河南省农业科学院植物营养资源与环境研究所,河南郑州 450002; 2.河南农业大学资源与环境学院,河南郑州450002 摘要:通过对郑州市郊区的3个蔬菜基地土壤中重金属的调查和采样分析,依据国家土壤环境质量二级标准 评价其单项和综合污染指数.结果表明:3个菜区土壤综合污染指数都超过了1.o,等级都超过了警戒线,污染程度 为:惠济桥菜区青寨菜区铁炉菜区;3个菜区Cd的单项污染指数最高,Cd污染相对最为严重.相关性及主成分 分析表明,连年污水灌溉及大量的施肥是导致3个菜区土壤中Cu、Zn、Ni、Cd、Pb和Cr积累的重要原因之一. 关键词:蔬菜基地;土壤;重金属;含量;评价 中图分类号:X 53文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003—4315(200902-0126-06 Content and pollution evaluation of heavy metal from the vegetable bases so订in Zhengzhou SHEN A—linl,WANG Yang-yan91,SUN Shi—kai2 (1.Institute of P1ant Nut—tion and Environmental Resources science,Henan Agricultural Acad咖y of sciences, Zhengzhou 450002,China;2.College of Resource and Enviro啪ent,Henan Agricultural University,Zh印gzhou 450002,Chim AbstI鼍ct:Based on investigation and laboratory test,the content of the heavy metals from the vegetable bases so.1in Zhengzhou suburb were analyzed. The sin91e and comprehensive pollution indexes were evalu— ated according to the national standard for evaluation of soil environmental quality.The results showed that the comprehensive p01lution indexes of three vegetabIe areas were all higher than 1.O,the pollution degree was HuijiqiaoQingzhaiTielu;the single p011ution indexe of Cd was the highest in aU of the three areas, this showed that the(强pollution was most serious.The correlation analysis and the principal component plot analysis demonstrated that sewage irrigation and high fertilization were the major course for the accu— mulation of Cu,Zn,Ni,Cd,Pb and Cr. Key woms:vegetable bases;soil;heavy metal;content;evaluation 近年来,随着生活水平的不断提高,人们对绿色 无公害的蔬菜青睐有加,在数量上和质量上对蔬菜 生产都提出了更高的要求.由于蔬菜生产的效益比 较高,许多菜农为了获得更高的产量往往投入过量 的有机肥和化肥,加之城市规模的不断扩大和乡镇 企业的蓬勃兴起和发展,垃圾、污泥等废弃物等不合 理的使用,使城市郊区蔬菜基地土壤受到重金属的 污染,而重金属通过在蔬菜中的残留和富集进入食 物链,严重影响人类健康和生命安全[1剖.河南省郑 州市惠济区蔬菜种植面积达8020hm2,占农作物播 种面积的55.12%,是郑州市主要蔬菜生产基地.本 文通过对郑州市惠济区蔬菜基地重金属进行详细的 作者简介:沈阿林(1962一,男,研究员,博士,主要从事植物营养与新型肥料研究. 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD87809. 收稿日期:2008