基于小孢子培养的青梗菜多倍体育种技术研究.pdfVIP

园 艺 学 报 2011 ，38 （7 ）：1299 –1307 http: // www. ahs. ac. cn Acta Horticulturae Sinica E-mail: yuanyixuebao@126.com 基于小孢子培养的青梗菜多倍体育种技术研究 * 冯 辉 ，付 颖，杨 硕，包美丽，刘雪利 （沈阳农业大学园艺学院，辽宁省十字花科蔬菜遗传育种重点实验室，沈阳110866） 摘 要：为创制多样性的青梗菜多倍体纯系用于多倍体育种实践，以 16 个青梗菜杂交种为试材进行 游离小孢子培养，获得了 393 株小孢子植株。再生植株经过形态鉴定、叶片气孔特征检测、花粉粒大小 及生活力检测、花粉母细胞染色体计数，鉴定出 113 个自然加倍的四倍体植株，从中筛选出 3 个优良株系。 以可育的四倍体株系为亲本配制杂交组合，通过品种比较试验筛选出 1 个优势显著、综合性状优良的四 倍体杂交组合‘T24 × T11 ’。建立了基于游离小孢子培养的青梗菜多倍体育种技术体系。 关键词：青梗菜；游离小孢子培养；多倍体；杂种优势 中图分类号：S 634.3 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0513-353X （2011 ）07-1299-09 Studies on Tetraploid Breeding Techniques by Using Isolated Microspore Culture Techniques in Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis （L. ）Makino * FENG Hui ，FU Ying ，YANG Shuo ，BAO Mei-li ，and LIU Xue-li （College of Horticulture，Shenyang Agricultural University ，Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of Cruciferous Vegetable Crops，Shenyang 110866，China） Abstract ：The aim of this study was to develop diversified tetraploid lines in Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis （L. ）Makino and thereby facilitate heterosis breeding. Sixteen hybrid varieties were used for isolated microspore culture and 393 regenerated plants were obtained. Among these，113 plants were identified as tetraploids based on morphological identification，examination of stomatal characteristics，size measurement and viability testing of pollen ，and chromosome counts of the pollen mother cells. Furthermore ，3 tetraploid lines showing excellent characteristics were screened. The 3 selected tetraploid lines were used as parents ，and a tetraploid hybrid ‘T24 × T11 ’with significant heterosis and comprehensive quality traits was selected