毕业论文设计《外文翻译--热泵的应用》.docVIP

lw 外文翻译 The Applications of Heat pumps 1.Heat pumps in industry 1). Systems Relatively few heat pumps are currently installed in industry. However, as environmental regulations become stricter, industrial heat pumps can become an important technology to reduce emissions, improve efficiency, and limit the use of ground water for cooling To ensure the sound application of heat pumps in industry, processes should be optimised and integrated. Through process integration improved energy efficiency is achieved by thermodynamically optimising total industrial processes. An important instrument for process integration is pinch analysis, a technology to characterise process heat streams and identify possibilities for heat recovery. Such possibilities may include improved heat exchanger networks, cogeneration and heat pumps. Pinch analysis is especially powerful for large, complex processes with multiple operations, and is an excellent instrument to identify sound heat pump opportunities. Industrial applications show a great variation in the type of drive energy, heat pump size, operating conditions, heat sources and the type of application. The heat pump units are generally designed for a specific application, and are therefore unique. The major types of industrial heat pumps are: Mechanical vapour recompression systems (MVRs), classified as open or semi-open heat pumps. In open systems, vapour from an industrial process is compressed to a higher pressure and thus a higher temperature, and condensed in the same process giving off heat. In semi-open systems, heat from the recompressed vapour is transferred to the process via a heat exchanger. Because one or two heat exchangers are eliminated (evaporator and/or condenser) and the temperature lift is generally small, the performance of MVR systems is high, with typical coefficients of performance (COPs) of 10 to 30. Current MVR systems work with heat-source temperatures from 70-80篊, and deliver heat between 110 and 150篊,