翻译C“洪荒造塔语言殊，从此人间要象胥”.ppt

翻译C ——汉译英 第一章 绪论 “洪荒造塔语言殊，从此人间要象胥”。 Babel Tower Old Testament of Holy Bible Genesis 11 To translate is therefore to let go of your (English) writing in a way, to hold it at arm’s length, open it to scrutiny, allow it to float in the ether (universe) for a while, and to let others, pivot you toward relative truth. (blog) esp. for C-E translation Translation Criteria/Standards 天竺国俗，甚重文藻，其宫商体韵，以入弦为善。凡觐国王，必有赞德。见佛之仪，以歌叹为尊。经中偈颂，皆其式也。但改梵为秦，失其藻味，虽得大意，殊隔文体，有似嚼饭与人，非徒失味，乃另呕秽也。 （转引自陈福康《中国译学理论史稿》） 严复： 信、达、雅 刘重德：信、达、切 鲁迅： 求其易解，保存原作丰姿 傅雷： 神似 similarity in spirit 钱钟书：化境 sublimation Tytler: 3原则 p5 Tytler’s 3 principles A translation should give a complete transcript of the original work. The style and manner of writing should be of the same character as that of the original. A translation should have all the case of the original composition. Basic Requirements For Translator The 1st and most obvious requirement of any translator is that he have a satisfactory knowledge of the source language. It is not enough that he be able to get the “general drift “ of the meaning, or that he be adept in consulting dictionaries. Rather, he must understand not only the obvious content of the message, but also the subtleties of meaning , the significant emotive values of words, and the stylistic features which determine the “flavor and feel” of the message. Even the more important than knowledge of the resources of the source language is a complete control of the receptor language. See ppt2 Certainly the most numerous and serious errors made by translators arise primarily from their lack of thorough knowledge of the TL. It is one thing, however, to know a language in general and another to have a special knowledge of a particular subject. In other words, in addition to a knowledge of the two or more languages involved in the translation process, the translator must have a thorough acquaintance with the subje