《基于单片机的步进电机升降频的控制系统的设计》【毕业设计论文】.docVIP

摘要 PAGE IV 基于单片机的步进电机升降频的控制系统的设计 摘 要 步进电机是一种完成数字/模拟转换的执行元件。步进电机区别于其他控制用途电动机的最大特点是：步进电机接收数字控制信号（电脉冲信号），并将这些脉冲信号转换成与之相对应的角位移或直线位移。 步进电机作为执行元件的一个显著特点，就是具有快速起停能力，如果负荷不超过步进电机所提供的动态转矩值，就能够在“一刹那”间使步进电机启动或停转。一般，步进电机的步进速率为100~1000步/秒。如果步进电机以逐渐加速到最高速，然后再逐渐减速到零的方式工作，即使其步进速率增加1~2倍，仍然不会失掉一步。 为了使步进电机能够平稳的启动，运行，最终停止，本系统采用软件控制的升降频方法，设置一数据区描述电机的升降曲线，利用数据区内容可以方便更改的特性，针对不同的电机和负载，调试出最适配的曲线。使步进电机在最短的时间内以较大的输出转矩升到设定的速度，从而提高加工效率。 关键词：步进电机，升降曲线，软件控制 Stepping Motor based on single chip frequency control system ABSTRACT Stepper motor is a complete digital / analog conversion of the implementation of the components. Stepper motor control is different from the other most prominent feature is the use of motors: stepper motor to receive digital control signals (electrical pulses), and these pulse signals into corresponding angular displacement or linear displacement.  Stepper motors as actuators of a distinctive feature is the ability to fast starts and stops, if the load does not exceed the dynamic provided by the stepper motor torque value, will be able to moment between the stepper motor to start or stop switch. General, not into the stepper motor speed of 200 to 1000 steps / sec. If the stepping motor to gradually accelerate to top speed, and then gradually slow to zero means work, even if the stepping rate increased by 1 ~ 2 times and still not lose a step. In order to smooth stepper motor to start, run and eventually stopped, the system uses software control of the lift-frequency method, set the data area of a motor of the lift curve describes the use of the contents of the data area can easily change the characteristics of different motor and load, testing the best fit of the curve. Driving the step motor in the shortest possible time to rise to higher output torque specified speed, thereby enhancing the processing efficiency. KEY WORDS: stepping motor, lift curves, software control  前言 目　录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 前　言 1 第1章 步进电机工作原理 2 1.1 步进电机的分类 2 1.2 步进电机的各项参数指标 3 1.