8V280柴油机平衡方案设计及平衡性能分析.docVIP

PAGE 2 PAGE 3 8V280柴油机平衡方案设计及平衡性能分析 肖 民，钱志鹏 （江苏科技大学 能源与动力工程学院，江苏镇江 212003） 摘 要：针对8V280柴油机二阶往复惯性力及倾覆力矩难以平衡的问题，通过平衡性能计算对额定转速工况下的柴油机进行双轴平衡方案设计，并基于虚拟样机技术对柴油机的平衡特性进行多方面研究分析。动力学仿真分析发现，计算出的倾覆力矩曲线与理论计算的曲线非常吻合，充分证明了仿真模型与仿真结果的正确性，同时也验证了双轴平衡方案的有效性。在刚柔耦合柴油机模型的基础上，完成了整机振动烈度速度值的仿真测量，其振动情况达到了“容许”级别，进一步体现了双轴平衡方案的平衡效果，也为生产实体样机的可行性提供了可靠的依据。 关键词：柴油机；平衡轴；虚拟样机；振动 中图分类号：TK422 文献标志码：A 【DOI】10.13788/j.cnki.cbgc.2017.07.001 Balancing Scheme Design and Balanced Performance Analysis of 8V280 Diesel Engine XIAO Min, QIAN Zhipeng (School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Zhenjiang 212003, China) Abstract: Aiming at the problem that the second - order reciprocating inertia force and overturning moment of 8V280 diesel engine are difficult to balance, the balance scheme of diesel engine is designed by balancing performance calculation, and the balance characteristic of diesel engine is researched and analyzed based on virtual prototyping technology. Through the dynamic simulation analysis, the overturning moment curves are measured and the calculated curves are in good agreement with each other, which proves the correctness of the simulation model and the simulation results, the validity of the biaxial equilibrium scheme is also verified . Based on the rigid-flexible coupling diesel engine model, the vibration velocity measurement is completed，the vibration situation has reached the allowable level, and the balance effect of the biaxial balancing scheme is shown. It also provides a reliable basis for the feasibility of producing the physical prototype. Key words: diesel engine; balance shaft; virtual prototyping; vbration 0 引言 目前中国中车有限公司生产的柴油机产品中，对于额定功率在2 000 kW～3 000 kW之间的柴油机，只有直列8缸机型，柴油机轴向尺寸长，且质量大，制造成本较高。相比直列8缸柴油机，V8柴油机轴向尺寸缩短一半，质量也大大减少，紧凑性好，刚度强，在船舶领域和机车领域得到广泛使用。 从8V280型柴油机的平衡性能来看，该柴油机存在较大的不平衡惯性力（矩），双轴平衡因其布置方便、平衡效果好和紧凑可靠等优点而多被采用，如王纪福[1]采用理论设计及仿真分析的方法对3种平衡方案进行比较发现，采用平衡轴方案更能有效改善90° V6柴油机的整机振动性能；HUEGE等[2]在排量2.0 L的双顶置凸轮轴发动机的基础上安装了