动名词总复习用教案资料.pptVIP

高三英语总复习语法专项训练;一、动名词的形式;二、功能及用法;注②：动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别： 动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作，一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为，往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起，如： It’s no use crying over spilt milk. (抽象) He realized that to go on like this was no use. (具体) 在实际运用中，一般可以互换，差异不大。但在下列几种情况中不能互换： a. 当表语是动名词时，主语也要用动名词；当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式，如： Seeing is believing. To see is to believe.;2．动名词（短语）作表语，如： Their job is building houses. His job is raising pigs. 注①：动名词作表语与不定式作表语的区别： 动名词作表语时表示比较抽象的一般行为、习惯；不定式作表语时表示具体的某一次动作，特别是将来的动作，试比较： My favourite sport is swimming. The first thing for us to do is to improve our pronunciation.;注②：动名词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别： 动名词作表语时相当于名词，说明主语的含义及内容，它与主语是同等关系，主语与表语互换位置不影响句子的基本含义，但不可用副词来修饰。 现在分词作表语时相当于形容词，说明主语的特征、性质、状态等，主语与表语不可互换位置，但可用very, quite等副词来修饰，如： My job is looking after the children. Our duty is serving the people heart and soul. The situation is encouraging. This cake is very inviting. The volleyball match we watched was very exciting. ;3．动名词（短语）用作宾语的情况很多，如： Hearing the words, she couldn’t help thinking of her past bitterness. We all avoided mentioning that matter. ★??? 能用动名词作宾语的动词有两类： 一类是只能用动名词作宾语的动词，其中有：avoid, admit, consider, delay, advise, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, give up, can’t help, imagine, keep (on), don’t mind, miss, practise, put off, stop, go on, resist, suggest等，如： Mary is considering changing her job. I enjoy working with you. Would you mind ringing me up tomorrow? 另一类是既可以用动名词，又可以用不定式作宾语的动词，其中有：begin, cannot bear, continue, forget, hate, intend, like, love, plan, prefer, propose, regret, remember, start, try, want, need, can’t afford等。 ; 上述动词尽管可以带两种结构作宾语，但用法不尽相同，需要注意下列几个情况： A. 在begin, start, cease, continue, cannot bear, hate, like, love, prefer, propose 等动词后，两种结构意义无大的出入，如： She can’t bear being laughed at / to be laughed at. 但是在下列情况下，通常用不定式： a. 在would like / love / prefer / hate 后表示一个特定的新动作时： I’d like to buy