甘蔗翻译词汇 sugarcane words.docxVIP

Ⅰ Parts Growth of Sugarcane In planting ratoon sugarcane, four early: ploughing soil so as to loose sugarcane sprout, applying fertilizer during seedling so as to provide necessary nutrition for growing early and rapidly, early thinning out and singling seedling with shelling sear l 中文意思：宿根蔗突出“四早”管理，即早破垄松蔸，促进蔗蔸萌发；早施苗肥，促进蔗苗早生快发，保证养分有效供给；早间苗、定苗，及时剥除枯脚叶，确保甘蔗有效群体和田间通透性；早防治病虫，保证苗齐、苗全、苗匀、苗壮。 株高：plant height 茎径：stalk diameter 径重：stalk weight 侧芽：lateral bud 蔗表：cane top 生长点（鸡蛋黄）：growing point ；natural breaking point 出苗：germination 苗期：seedling stage 分蘖：tiller 伸长期：elongation stage 拔节：jointing 脱壳：self-trashing 节间：internode 芽段：Sett 有效茎（有效分蘖苗）：millable stalk 蔗种：cane seed 新植蔗：plant crop 宿根蔗：ratoon cane 宿根性：ratoonability II. Pests Diseases 宿根矮化病：ratoon stunting disease RSD is caused by a small bacterium, Clavibacter xyli f.sp.xyli. The bacterium lives in the vascular tissue of the cane plant, and is highly infectious . Transmission is principally through diseased planting material and by cutting implements (planters, cane knives, chain saws, harvesters etc). The disease tends to give an up and down appearance to diseased fields, a result of variation in stunting in diseased stools. The only symptoms which can be associated with the disease are a discoloration of vascular bundles in the nodal region. 黑穗病：Sugarcane smut Sugarcane smut is a fungal disease of sugar cane caused by the fungus Sporisorium scitamineum. It is sometimes known as culmicolous, which describes the outgrowth of fungus of the stalk of the cane. The fungus grows within the meristematic tissue and induces formation of flowering structures which it colonises to produce its teliopores. The flowering structures, usually typical grass arrows, are transformed into a whip like sori that grows out between the leaf sheaths. At first it is covered by a thin silvery peridium (this is the host tissue) which easily peels back when desiccated to expose the sooty black-brown teliospores. 锈病：Sugarcane rust Sugarcane rus