美国南北战争英文总体介绍.pptxVIP

American Civil War Introduction The American Civil War was a war fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865.The Civil War is the most studied and written about episode in U.S. history.Largely as a result of the long-standing controversy over the enslavement(奴役) of black people. The war broke out in April 1861, when secessionist forces（反对势力） attacked Fort Sumter（萨姆特堡） in South Carolina, shortly after United States President Abraham Lincoln was inaugurated. The loyalists of the Union in the North proclaimed support for the Constitution（宪法）. They faced secessionists of the Confederate States（同盟国） in the South, who advocated for states‘ rights to uphold slavery（奴隶制）. Slavery Slavery in the United States was the legal institution of human chattel enslavement, primarily of Africans and African Americans, that existed in the United States of America in the 18th and 19th centuries. 在美国，奴隶制是人类的动产，主要是非洲人和非裔美国人，在18世纪和19世纪存在于美利坚合众国。 Slavery had been practiced in British America from early colonial days（殖民时代）, and was legal in all Thirteen Colonies at the time of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. 奴隶制已经从早期在英国美国殖民时期(殖民时代),和当时在所有13个殖民地法律在1776年的《独立宣言》。 It lasted in about half the states until 1865, when it was prohibited nationally by the Thirteenth Amendment. 直到1865年，它一直持续到大约一半的州，直到第十三修正案在全国范围内被禁止。 Slavery in the United States 1.Slavery Slavery was a major cause of disunion. Southern whites believed that the emancipation of slaves would destroy the South‘s economy, due to the large amount of capital invested in slaves and fears of integrating the ex-slave black population. Causes of secession 2.Territorial crisis(领土危机) Between 1803 and 1854, the United States achieved a vast expansion of territory through purchase, negotiation, and conquest. At first, the new states carved out of these territories entering the union were apportion