略论滕州古国与出土商周青铜器.pdf

略论滕州古国与出土商周青铜器 A Brief Discussion of the Ancient States in Tengzhou and Unearthed Shang and Zhou Bronzes 滕州市博物馆 张东峰 聂瑞安 Zhang Dongfeng Nie Rui’an Tengzhou Municipal Museum , , 内容提要：滕州地处鲁南，商周时期，滕州境内方国林立，出现了滕、薛、郳等 国。其中的薛国、滕国，更以其丰富的文化遗存和清晰的历史脉络，著称于历史长 河中。通过考古工作，滕、薛古国城址得以揭露并确认。近年来发掘清理了一批墓 葬，出土了大量商周时期青铜器，尤其铭文铜器的大量发现，对研究山东古国族属 具有重要的意义。 关键词：滕州 古国 商周 青铜器 Abstract: Tengzhou is located in southern Shandong Province. During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, a large number of local states appeared within the domain of Tengzhou, including Teng, Xue and Ni. Among them, the states of Xue and Teng are well known in history due to their rich cultural remains and distinct historical development. Archaeological work has disclosed and confirmed the town sites of Teng and Xue ancient states. Tombs that have been excavated in recent years have yielded a large number of Shang and Zhou bronzes. In particular, the discovery of many bronzes with inscriptions is very important to the study of the lineage of these ancient states in Shandong. Key words: Teng zhou ancient state Shang and Zhou dynasties bronze 滕州地处鲁南山前平原地带，地理环 一 滕州境内商周古国 境优越。古代先民在这片广袤的土地上生 商周之际，滕州境内小国众多，除屡 息繁衍，创造了时代相当于“后李文化” 见经籍、至今仍为人们耳熟能详的“滕、 阶段的杜堂类型文化、北辛文化等优秀 薛、郳、邾”等国外，还有诸多“地小位 文化。薪火相传，经久不息，发展到商周 卑”、不得称爵著名、不达于天子、更不得 时期，滕州地区青铜器铸造业尤为兴盛发 列于诸侯、泯没无传的小国。它们虽然失 达，达到了历史的巅峰。 载于典籍，却为今天的考古资料所证实， · · 114 略论滕州古国与出土商周青铜器 图一 薛国故城总平面图 如“虖台”“灵丘”等国。 薛国故城位于今滕州市官桥、张汪镇 上述诸国，均在不同时期，分别遗留 境内，处于小苏河和小魏河之间，城东南