广东省2017届中考英语总复习 第二部分 语法知识归纳 第十.pptVIP

* 第十一节 非谓语动词 考点精讲精练 【考点1】带to的动词不定式(★★★) 考点精讲： 1. 构成：(1)to do，如ask sb. to do；(2)(to) do，如help sb. (to) do； (3)do，如let sb. do。 2. 否定形式：not to do/not (to) do/not do。 3. 常规用法： 4. 特别用法：(1)wh-/h-疑问词+不定式(短语)：其作用相当于一个名词性从句，常用在动词tell, know, imagine, learn, decided, forget, remember, consider, understand等后面作宾语，也可作主语、表语、同位语等。如： He asked me how to open the box.=He asked me how he could open the box. 他问我这盒子怎么打开。 You have to consider what to do next.=You have to consider what you should do next. 你必须考虑下一步该做什么。 (2)带逻辑主语的不定式：不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语，构成方法是“It is+形容词/名词+(for/of sb.)+to do sth.”。如： It is necessary for you to have a talk with him. 跟他交谈一下对你而言有必要。(当该形容词或名词在意义上描述的是 to do sth. 的特征时，用 for 引出逻辑主语。该类形容词常为easy, difficult/hard, important, necessary, etc.) It is foolish of you to do it like that. 你那样做好蠢。(当该形容词描述的是逻辑主语sb. 的特征时，用 of 引出逻辑主语。该类形容词常为kind, foolish, rude, clever, selfish, careful, etc.) 【考题再现】 ( )1. (2016盐城)We must do everything we can _____ waste water from running into the rivers. A. prevent B. prevented C. preventing D. to prevent D ( )2. (2016绥化)It’s our duty _____ our home-town clean and beautiful. We must do something for it. A. keeping B. keeps C. to keep C ( )3. (2015广东)We advise parents _____ their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger. A. not leave B. not to leave C. leave D. to leave B ( )4. (2015梅州)Jane was shy. She would not invite her classmates _____ dancing with her. A. practice B. practices C. practicing D. to practice D ( )5. (2014广东)In order _____ for the meeting, my sister forced herself to get up early this morning. A. not to be late B. not being late C. to be late D. being late A ( )6. (2014茂名)Miss Wang told us ____ smoke, so you mustn’t smoke. A. to B. not to C. don’t B 【考点演练】 ( )7. How kind you are! You always do what you can _____ me. A. help