银杏化学成分.pdfVIP

• 742 • Drug Evaluation Research 第40 卷 第6 期 2017 年6 月 银杏化学成分、制剂种类和不良反应的研究进展 盖晓红，刘素香，任 涛，刘 毅，田成旺* 天津药物研究院，天津 300193 摘 要：银杏Ginkgo biloba 的叶片和果实分别被《中国药典》收载，主要含有银杏黄酮、萜类内酯、酚酸类、异戊烯醇、 甾体类等多种化学成分。以银杏提取物或有效成分开发的制剂有片剂、胶囊、颗粒剂、口服液、注射剂、滴丸、糖浆剂、酊 剂等类型，临床上多用于心脑血管疾病的治疗，但也出现过敏、腹泻、出血、肝肾毒性等不良反应报道。对近年来有关银杏 及其制剂的化学成分、剂型种类和临床出现的不良反应进行综述，以期为其深度开发与合理利用提供参考。 关键词：银杏；银杏黄酮；银杏内酯；白果内酯；金纳多注射液；舒血宁注射液；银杏达莫注射液 中图分类号：R284 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1674-6376 (2017) 06-0742-10 DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.1674-6376.2017.06.003 Advances research on chemical constituents, preparations and adverse reactions of Ginkgo biloba GAI Xiao-hong, LIU Su-xiang, REN Tao, LIU Yi, TIAN Cheng-wang Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin, 300193, China Abstract: The leaves and fruits of Ginkgo biloba L. are embodied in Pharmacopoeia of People’s Republic of China, mainly contain ginkgo flavonoids, terpene lactones, phenolic acids, isopentenyl alcohol, steroids and other chemical compositions. The extract and active ingredients can be made into tablets, capsules, granules, oral liquid, injection, dripping pills, syrup, tincture and other formulations, clinically used for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease treatment. The adverse reactions are allergies, diarrhea, bleeding, liver and kidney toxicity. This review contains the chemical composition, dosage form and clinical adverse reactions of Ginkgo biloba in recent years, for providing a reference of further development and rational utilization of this plant resource. Key words: Ginkgo biloba L.; ginkgetin; ginkgolide; bilobalide; Ginaton Injection; Shuxuening Injection; Ginkgo Leaf Extract and Dipyridamole Injection 银杏Ginkgo biloba L.为银杏科银杏属多年生落 苷类、萜內酯类、有机酸、生物碱、氨基酸、异戊烯 叶乔木，素有 “活化石”的美称，在中国、日本、 醇、甾体等化学成分，表现出广泛的药理活性，包括 韩国、澳大利亚、英国、法国等均有分布，我国栽 [3] [4] [5] [6] [7]