广东省实验教学示范中心汇报.ppt

10 Prevention and control Legislation ---- many countries have adopted legislation for control of air pollution. International action ---- to deal with air pollution on a world-wide scale, international joint action is necessary. 10 Prevention and control 10.2 Control of motor vehicle emissions Motor vehicles are the primary source of several important air pollutants: carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, and nitrogen oxides. In addition, ozone is a secondary pollutant of automobile use. 10 Prevention and control Motor vehicle design improvement; Better fuel efficiency and specially blended fuels that produce less CO and unburned organic compounds; Catalytic converters reduce CO, oxides of nitrogen, and volatile organic compounds in emissions and necessitated the use of lead-free fuel. The lead-free fuel requirement, in turn, significantly reduces the amount of lead (and other metal additives) in the atmosphere. 10 Prevention and control 10.3 Control of power plant emissions One alternative: to change from high-sulfur to low-sulfur coal. This can reduce SO2 emissions by 66%. But it is not a long-term solution because low-sulfur fuel is in short supply; Second alternative: to remove S from the fuel before it is used. Chemical or physical treatment of coal before it is burned can remove nearly 40%. Third alternative: to scrub the gases emitted from a smokestack. China vows climate change action China will increase efforts to improve energy efficiency and curb the rise in CO2 emissions, President Hu Jintao has told a UN climate summit in New York on 23, Sep. 2009. The US, the worlds other major emitter, said Chinas proposals were helpful but figures were needed. About 100 leaders are attending the talks, ahead of the Copenhagen summit which is due to approve a new treaty. UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon said failure to agree a treaty in December would be “morally inexcusable不可宽恕. Negotiators for the Copenhagen summit are trying to agree on a repl