脆性岩石单轴循环加卸载试验及断裂损伤力学特性研究_周家文.docVIP

第29卷 第6期 岩石力学与工程学报 Vol.29 No.6 2010年6月 Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering June，2010 脆性岩石单轴循环加卸载试验及断裂损伤 力学特性研究 周家文，杨兴国，符文熹，徐 进，李洪涛，周宏伟，刘建锋 (四川大学 水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室，四川 成都 610065) 摘要：以向家坝砂岩单轴循环加卸载室内力学试验结果为基础，结合岩石内部微裂纹的细观力学分析，对脆性岩 石单轴循环加卸载的应力–应变曲线特征、峰值强度及断裂损伤力学特性等进行研究。给出一种根据应力–应变 曲线计算损伤变量的方法，损伤变量计算结果和声发射测试数据变化规律较为一致。试验结果表明，砂岩的循环 加卸载强度要比单轴压缩强度要小很多，对于脆性岩石单轴循环加卸载的峰值强度来说，受到多种因素的影响。 弹性常数计算结果表明，循环加卸载过程中泊松比逐渐增大，而弹性模量在第一次循环加卸载增大之后则缓慢减 小。脆性岩石循环加卸载过程中，岩石损伤在逐渐累积，在微裂纹进入不稳定扩展阶段，岩石损伤会迅速增大， 岩石宏观力学特性取决于内部微裂纹的细观力学响应。 关键词：岩石力学；脆性岩石；单轴循环加卸载；室内试验；力学特性；声发射；断裂损伤力学 中图分类号：TU 45 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1000–6915(2010)06–1172–12 EXPERIMENTAL TEST AND FRACTURE DAMAGE MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BRITTLE ROCK UNDER UNIAXIAL CYCLIC LOADING AND UNLOADING CONDITIONS ZHOU Jiawen，YANG Xingguo，FU Wenxi，XU Jin，LI Hongtao，ZHOU Hongwei，LIU Jianfeng (State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering，Sichuan University，Chengdu，Sichuan 610065，China) Abstract：Based on the uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading test results of the Xiangjiaba sandstone，combined with the mesomechanical analysis of the internal microcracks in rock，the characteristics of stress-strain curves，peak strength，fracture damage mechanical characteristics of brittle rock unloading condition are researched. A computational method for rock damage variable is presented based on the stress-strain curve；the acoustic emission test result shows that this method is reasonable. The experimental test results show that，the peak-strength of sandstone under cyclic loading and unloading conditions is less than that of the uniaxial compressive strength，which is influenced by lots of factors. Elastic constants of computation results show that，the Poissons ratio is gradually increasing during the cyclic loading and unloading process，while the elastic modulus is increased evidently in the first cyclic loading and unloading process，and then decreases slowly. In the process of cyclic loading and unloading for brittle rock，rock damage will