吉林黑土区不同施肥条件下农田土壤动物组成及多样性变化.docVIP

植物营养与肥料学报2006,12(3:412-419 Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science 吉林黑土区不同施肥条件下农田土壤动物 组成及多样性变化 林英华1,2,朱平3,张夫道23,彭畅3,高洪军3,刘淑环3 (1中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所国家林业局森林保护学重点试验室,北京100091; 2中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,北京100081;3吉林省农业科学院农业环境与资源研究中心,吉林公主岭136100 摘要:采用手捡法和改良干漏斗法(M odified Tullgren对吉林黑土区长期定位施肥农田土壤动物群落组成及多样性进行研究。12个施肥小区内共采集108个土壤样品,获得农田土壤动物标本17265只(未鉴定标本187只,隶属3门9纲19目3亚目48科。统计分析结果表明,所采集标本中,营养功能群以植食性(35153%为主。其中,大型农田土壤动物捕获的个体数和类群数以撂荒和施氮肥区最多;中小型农田土壤动物则以撂荒和轮作区最多;大型农田土壤动物群落的多样性指数(H′依次是NPN115M NPKPKM2NPKCKNKNPKM1NPK轮作 S NPK撂荒,中小型农田土壤动物多样性指数依次是M1NPKM2NPKS NPK115M NPKNPCK轮作NK NPKPKN撂荒。群落相似性指数分析表明,不同施肥之间相似性系数一般较低。农田土壤动物群落组成异质性较高,S NPK与M1NPK、撂荒地处理之间的相似性明显高于其他群落,N与S NPK、M2NPK和轮作之间、CK与115 M NPK和NPK之间的相似性明显低于其它施肥之间的相似性。反映出不同施肥处理对土壤生态系统内部环境,进而对土壤动物群落产生的影响。 关键词:农田土壤动物;类群特征;土壤性质;相关分析 中图分类号:S15415　　　文献标识码:A　　　文章编号:1008-505X(200603-0412-08 V ariation of composition and diversification of cropland soil fauna under different fertilizer application condition in the B lack soil,Jilin province LI N Y ing2hua1,2,ZH U Ping3,ZH ANG Fu2dao23,PE NG Chang3,G AO H ong2jun3,LI U Shu2huan3 (1Forest Protection Lab.,S F A,Res.Inst.o f Ecol.Envir.and Protection,C AF,Beijing100091,China;2Inst.o f Soil and Fertilizer,C AAS,Beijing100081,China;3Centre o f Agric.Envir.And Resour.,Jilin AAS,Gongzhuling136100,China Abstract:Investigated s oil fauna under different fertilizer application condition in the Black s oil croplands in Aug,20031 Based on long2term fertilization experiment,the effects of12fertilization treatments,which was abandonment(Aband, no2fertilizer treatment(CK,application of N fertilizer(N,combined application of N and P(NP,combined applica2 tion of N and K(NK,combined application of P and K(PK,combined application of N,P and K(NPK,combined application of organic material and NPK(organic nitrogen∶fertilizer nitrogen=2∶1(M1NPK,115times of combined application of organic material and NPK(115M NPK,combined application of straw and NPK(S NPK,rotation of maize and s oybean in2∶1,the quantity of fertilizer was t