非谓动-精选课件(公开).pptVIP

* 一.种类 不定式. 动名词. 现在分词.过去分词. 二.非谓语动词在句子中的作用 √ √ √ √ × × 现 在过 去 分 词 × × √ √ √ √ 动 名 词 √ √ √ √ √ √ 不 定 式 补语 状语 定语 表语 宾语 主语 作用 种类 1.动词不定式和动名词做主语 ①表抽象意义的行为时,用动名词做主语;但表示具体的动作(特别是将来的动作行为),用不定式做主语. 但: Seeing is believing. To see is to believe. Swimming is my favourite sport. To see him is not easy this time. ②.英语中,当主语较长而谓语较短 时,常用it做形式主语,而不定式放在谓语后为真实主语. eg.:1). It is human nature to want something better. 精益求精是人的特性. 2). It’s easy to learn English well if you put your heart into it. 但 It’s no use/good doing sth. It’s useless doing sth. It’s worthwhile doing/to do sth. It is no use arguing with him. ③.简短的揭示语中常用动名词 No smoking. 2.动词不定式,动名词,分词都可做表语 1).现在分词做表语,具有主动的含义, ,而过去分词做表语具有被动的含义. eg.: The work was tiring. The workers were soon tired. The situation is encouraging . The book is well written. 2).不定式可做表语.但主语部分有实意 动词do,做表语的不定式可省“to”,而做 表语的不定式是解释do的精确意思，且 to也可不省. My aim is to help him improve His English. All I did was (to) give him a little push. 我只是稍稍推了他一下. What we want to do now is (to) lie down and rest. 3.动词不定式和动名词做宾语 有些动词只能用动词不定式做宾语. 如:hope,want,wish,decide等 有些动词只能用动名词做宾语. 如:finish,avoid,enjoy,mind等 有些动词既能用不定式又能用动名词 做宾语.如:try,like remember, forget, regret ,stop mean, can’t help ,go on等, 但意义有所不同. ※介词后用doing;但“连接词+不定式”也可做介词宾语. 1). He is fond of swimming. 2). He has his own idea of how to do it. 3). I didn’t hear of whether to hold the meeting. 4.动词不定式和分词都可做补足语. 1). Mr. Smith wants his son to become a lawyer. 2). I saw a girl running to me. 3). He is said to have been a beggar when he was young. 4). The computer is considered to have been invented by Babbage. 5.动词不定式,动名词和分词都可做定语 ①现在分词表示“主动或正在进行” 过去分词则表示“被动或已经完成” 不定式表“目的或将来” 1). I know the man standing there. 2). Is there anything planned for tonight ? 3). the swimming pool ②不定式做定语时,被修饰的名词为 它的逻辑宾语;如果动词不定式是不 及物动词时,要带有必要的介词,构成 及物动词短语;但有时用于固定用法. 1). There is a warm room for you to live in. 2). I need a good knife to cut the apple with./ with which to cut the ap