微弱信号检测装置的设计.docVIP

河北工程大学毕业设计 PAGE PAGE 61 摘 要 “微弱信号”不仅意味着信号的幅度很小，而且主要指的是被噪声淹没的信号，微弱是相对于噪声而言的。微弱信号检测的目的是从强噪声中提取有用信号, 或用一些新技术和新仪器来提高检测系统输出信号的信噪比。 微弱信号检测技术的首要任务是提高信噪比。由于被测量的信号微弱，传感器、放大电路和测量仪器的固有噪声以及外界的干扰噪声往往比有用信号的幅度大的多，放大被测信号的同时也放大了噪声，而且必然会附加一些额外的噪声，因此只靠放大是不能把微弱信号检测出来的。 本文研究了一套微弱信号检测的装置。AD524作为前置放大电路对信号进行初步放大，再利用MAX267程控滤波器对信号进行滤波以获取有用信号，TLC2652作为二次放大；然后再经模数转换器转换为数字信号，同时使用增强型8051 内核的USB 控制器CY7C68013A 在背景噪声中检测有用信号的仪器，为现代科学技术和工农业生产提供了强有力的测试手段，应用范围遍及几乎所有的科学领域，已成为现代科技必备的常用仪器。 关键词：微弱信号，噪声，信噪比，检测装置 Abstract Weak signal means not only signal amplitude is small, and refers to the flooded signal by noise,weak signal is relative to noise.The purpose of the weak signal detection extracted useful signal from strong noise,or with some new technology and new instruments to improve the SNR of output signal detection system. Primary mission of weak signal detection is to improve SNR. Due to the measured weak signal is small, sensors,amplifying circuit and the inherent noise of measurement instrument and outside disturbance noise are larger than the useful signal amplitude of the often.Enlarging the measured signal means also enlarging noises and will add some extra noise,so only by the amplifier can not detection the weak signal.Only in effective noise conditions suppressing amplitude of weak signal can extract useful signal. This paper studies a set device of weak signal detection. AD524 as preamplifier is primarily to amplifier signal, then uses MAX267 to filter signal to get the useful signal, and uses TLC2652 as second to amplifier; Then the adc converts a analogue signal to a digital signal, also uses the USB controller CY7C68013A of enhanced 8051 kernel as the main controller and collected data will transmit through USB2.0 implementing high-speed real-time with the PC; And devises a power supply module and microcomputer expansion module. Detection equipment of useful signal in the background noise,which provides a strong means testing for modern science and technology, and the indust