木质素部分取代苯酚制备酚醛树脂及其泡沫的研究.docx

·122· 塑料工业 CHINA PLASTICS INDUSTＲY 第 42 卷第 9 期 2014 年 9 月 木质素部分取代苯酚制备酚醛树脂及其泡沫的研究 李红标，张泽广，沈国鹏* ，郝锌颖，乔来聪 ( 郑州大学化工与能源学院，河南 郑州 450001) 摘要: 为改善酚醛泡沫的性能，降低其成本，以改性木质素、多聚甲醛、苯酚为原料合成可发性木质素酚醛树 脂，通过发泡制备木质素酚醛泡沫。研究了木质素酚化时间、温度及催化剂量对树脂性能的影响，通过红外光谱 ( FTIＲ) 和热重分析仪 ( TG) 分别对酚化木质素和泡沫的热稳定性进行了分析。木质素的取代量 30% 时，较佳的酚 化条件: 酚化时间 40 min，温度 110 ℃ ，催化剂量 3% 。用酚化木质素制备的木质素酚醛泡沫性能较好，其压缩强度 为 0. 22 MPa，弯曲强度为 0. 17 MPa，氧指数为 38. 6% ，导热系数为 0. 029 W / ( m·K) ，属于难燃型高效保温材料。 关键词: 木质素; 酚醛树脂; 酚醛泡沫; 保温材料 DOI: 10. 3969 / j. issn. 1005－5770. 2014. 09. 029 中图分类号: TQ323. 1 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1005－5770 ( 2014) 09－0122－04 Study on the Preparation of Phenolic Ｒesin and Foams with Phenol Partly Ｒeplaced by Lignin LI Hong-biao，ZHANG Ze-guang，SHEN Guo-peng，HAO Xin-ying，QIAO Lai-cong ( School of Chemical Engineering and Energy，Zhengzhou University，Zhengzhou 450001，China) Abstract: In order to improve the performance and reduce the cost of phenolic foams，the foaming lignin phenolic resin was synthesized by using lignin， par formaldehyde and phenol as materials， then lignin phenolic foams was prepared by foaming． The effects of conditions involving lignin phenolation time， phenolation temperature and catalyst content on the properties of phenolic resins were investigated． Phenolation lignin and thermal stabilities of the phenolic foam were characterized by FTIＲ and TG． When the lignin substitution accounted for 30% of phenols，the better conditions were as follows: the phenolation time was 40 min， phenolation temperature was 110 ℃ ， catalyst content was 3% ， lignin phenolic foams with phenolation lignin had a good property，the compressive strength was 0. 22 MPa，the flexural strength was 0. 17 MPa，the limited oxygen index was 38. 6% ，the coefficient of thermal conductivity was 0. 029 W / ( m· K) ，and it was non-combustible and efficient insulation materials． Keywords: Lignin; Phenolic Ｒesin; Phenolic Foams; Insula