高中英语语法词法知识讲解—虚拟语气：.pdfVIP

高中英语语法词法知识详解 —— 虚拟语气 一、动词的语气和种类 : 语气 (mood) 是一种动词的形式，用以表示讲话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。英语中的语气 (mood) 有三种， 分别是陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。 1.陈述语气 (indicative mood) : 陈述语气一般用来叙述事实或就事实提出询问，主要用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 eg. ① Where there is a will, theres a way. 有志者事竟成。 ④ China lies in the east of Asia. ② Can you help me carry the box upstairs 你能帮我把箱子搬到楼上吗？ ③ How I missed the life in the countryside! 我多么想念乡村的生活啊！ 2.祈使语气 (imperative mood) : 祈使语气表示说话人向对方提出请求或下达命令。 eg. ① Come this way, please! 请这边走。 ② Dont make any noise, will you 别吵，行吗？ ③ Do be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时一定要小心。 ④ Make yourself at home. 3.虚拟语气 (subjunctive mood) : 虚拟语气 (the subjunctive mood), 又称假设语气 , 是谓语动词的一种形式 , 表示说话人叙述的内容与事实相反 , 在现实中并不存在 , 或实现的可能性很小。虚拟语气是表示假设、愿望、建议、请求、命令、猜测、可能或主观打算等的一种语气 ,是每年高考必考的一个语法项目。 eg. ① If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 ② I wish it were spring all the year round. 但愿四季如春。④ We only wish we could help. ( 表愿望 ) ③ May good luck be yours! 祝你好运！ ⑤ If there were no gravity, we should not be able to walk. (表假设 ) ⑥ He suggested that we should all go to see the film.( 表建议 ) 二、虚拟语气的形式 : (1) 动词原形 , 用于一切人称和数。 eg. ① Long live the Communist Party of China! ② If that be so, we shall take action at once. (2) 动词的过去式 , 用于一切人称和数 , be 的过去式用 were 。 eg. ① If you loved me, you wouldn ’t say that. ② If I were you in your shoes, I ’d accept the terms. (3) had + 过去分词 , 用于一切人称和数。 假如哈罗德没有驾车送我们回家，我们就得叫出租汽车了。 eg. ① We would have called a cab, if Harold hadn ’t offered us a ride home. ② If we had left earlier, we wouldn ’t have missed