西藏拉萨市那曲二高2018-2019学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题.docVIP

PAGE 西藏拉萨市那曲二高2018-2019学年高二英语上学期期末考试试题 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。满分100分，考试时间90分钟。 2．答题前考生务必填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息。 3．考试作答时，请将答案正确地填写在答题卡上。第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题 目的答案标号涂黑；第Ⅱ卷请用黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。 第I卷 第一部分 阅读理解（共10小题：每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Europeans should try to stay indoors if ash from Icelands volcano starts settling, the World Health Organization warned Friday as small amounts fell in Iceland, Scotland and Norway. 　　WHO spokesman Daniel Epstein said the microscopic(微小的) ash is potentially dangerous for people when it starts to reach the Earth because inhaled(吸入) particles can enter the lungs and cause respiratory problems. And he also said Europeans who go outside might want to consider wearing a mask. 　　Other experts, however, werent convinced the volcanic ash would have a major effect on peoples health and said WHOs warnings were hysterical. They said volcanic ash was much less dangerous than cigarette smoke or pollution. Volcanic ash is made of fine particles of fragmented volcanic rock. It is light gray to black and can be as fine as talcum powder. During a volcanic eruption, the ash can be breathed deep into the lungs and cause irritation even in healthy people. But once it falls from a greater distance — like from the cloud currently hovering above Europe — its health effects are often minimal, experts say. 　　Not all particles are created equal, said Ken Donaldson, a professor of respiratory toxicology at the University of Edinburgh, In the great scheme of things, volcanic ash is not all that harmful. And he said most Europeans exposure to volcanic ash would be negligible and that only those in the near districts of the Icelandic volcano would likely be at risk. 　　Dr. Stephen Spiro, a professor of respiratory medicine and deputy chair of the British Lung Foundation, said the further the particles travel, the less dangerous they will be. The cloud has already passed over northern