数控英文课件Unit 28 An Introduction to Industrial Robots (1.ppt

SX PI 陕西工业职业技术学院 The term robot and robotics were created well before robots became the reality. The term robots first entered the English language with the translation of Czechoslovakian playwright Karel Capek’s play R.U.R. (Rossum’s Universal Robots), in 1923. The word robot comes from the Czech robot that means slave or worker. 早在机器人成为现实之前，机器人和机器人技术这两个术语就已经提出来了。1923年，随着捷克剧作家克利尔.卡派克的剧本R.U.R（Rossum的通用机器人）被翻译成英文，机器人这个术语第一次进入英语语言中。机器人这个词来自捷克机器人，意思是奴隶或工人。 In 1942 another author Isaac Asimov (who wrote many short stories about robots), created the term robotics when he established his Three Laws of Robotics. Robots, he reasoned would have special circuitry to make the robot always conform to these basic laws: 1942年，另一个作家艾萨克.埃思穆乌（写了很多关于机器人的短篇小说）在建立他的机器人三个法则的时候，创造了机器人技术这个术语。他曾推断，机器人应该有特殊的线路，以使机器人总是遵循这些基本法则： 1.A robot must not harm a human being, nor through inaction allow one to come to harm 机器人不能伤害人类，也不能通过不执行指令使人们受到伤害； 2.A robot must always obey human beings, unless that is in conflict with the first law 在不违背第一条的条件下，机器人必须始终遵循人类的意志； 3.A robot must protect itself from harm, unless that is in conflict with the first or second law 在不违背第一条和第二条的条件下，机器人必须保护它自己不受到伤害。 When these stories were written they were pure science fiction. Today with robots a reality, analyzing these laws of robotics provides a worthwhile concept for roboticists to consider when designing robot control systems. 在人们当时写这些故事的时候,它们都是些纯粹的科学幻想。今天，随着机器人变成现实，分析这些机器人法则提供了一个很有价值的理念供机器人专家设计机器人控制系统的时候去考虑。 Robot Definition机器人定义 A robot is a re-programmable, multi-functional manipulator designed to move materials, parts, tools, special devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks. 机器人是一个可重复编程的、多功能的操作器，它被设计用于移动材料、零件、刀具及特殊装置，通过各种编程设定的运动来完成一系列的任务。 This definition is universally accepted. The main point is that industrial robots are re-programmable, and are capable of different types of path movements. 这个定义是被普遍接受的。关键是工业机器人是可重新编程的，能实现