《希腊罗马神话》第7章Athena.ppt

How would you interpret this myth? Aetiological (因原论的)? (explains her association with Zeus, her masculine characteristics, her wisdom) Combination of wisdom and strength Shows the important role males play in procreation(生殖) Feminist? (result of patriarchal society) Hera---Hephaestus stressing “the superior role of the male”. 2. Attributes usually represented with helmet(战盔), spear, and shield or aegis that bore a depiction of the head of Medusa, clad in armour (身着盔甲) “under the aegis of somebody, under one’s aegis”—受人庇护 Also with a female winged figure (called NIKE, victory), bearing a crown or garland of success. Athena herself as victorious war goddess was called Athena Nike. Sacred animals are owl, cock and serpent. “Athena owl-eyed”(明眸女神) Athena Parthenos: virgin Athena By Phidias 39 feet high Be composed of ivory and gold Spear, shield, Nike, serpent Athena’s Aegis Laocoon [???????????]拉奥孔 and His Sons The Eumenides [ju:?menidi:z] （复仇三女神） The Trial of Orestes Orestes, son of Agamemnon[??g??memn?n] and Clytemnestra He avenged his fathers death by killing his mother and her lover Aegisthus [i:?d??s??s]埃癸斯托斯 . Orestes goes mad after the deed and is pursued by the Furies whose duty it is to punish any violation of the ties of family piety. He takes refuge in the temple at Delphi; but, even though Apollo had ordered him to do the deed, he is powerless to protect Orestes from the consequences. At last Athena receives him on the acropolis(雅典卫城) of Athens and arranges a formal trial of the case before twelve judges, including herself. The Furies as the prosecutor(控告方), Apollo as his defending council(辩护方), Athena votes last and casts her vote for acquittal(无罪); after being counted , the votes on each side are equal, thus acquiting (宣判无罪)Orestes. The Furies were renamed as the Eumenides [ju:?menidi:z] (the kindly ones) ---From “The Furies ” by Aeschylus “Electra complex” ---恋父情结 b. Armed Born clad in armour; her shield the aegi