防尘与保证运行安全的带锁门.pptVIP

Accumulator Register accumulator register - where data for the input to ALU is temporarily stored First, the CPU needs to be supplied with the address of the required memory location where an instruction, or data, is stored so that it can access it via address bus When this is done, the instruction, or data, is read into the CPU via data bus Since only one memory location can be accessed at any one time, temporary storage has to be used when, for example, numbers have to be manipulated (added, subtracted etc.) So, if 2 numbers are to be added, one number is fetched from its memory location and placed into an accumulator register while the CPU fetches the other number from another memory location Once they are added to each other, the result is placed to the accumulator register for temporary storage Flag register The flag register (or, status register, or condition code register) - contains the result of the latest process carried out by ALU it contains individual bits, each having special significance. The bits are called flags. The status of the latest operation is indicated by a flag each flag may be set (e.I.1) or reset (e.I. 0) depending on the status Program counter register It keeps track of the CPUs position in the program it contains the address of the memory location of the next program instruction, hence the alternative name instruction pointer as each instruction is executed, the program counter register is updated the program counter is incremented each time so that the CPU executes instructions sequentially, unless some special commands (e.g. JUMP) are given to change it out of the sequence not accessible by the programmer Some other registers memory address register (MAR) contains the address of the data (like an address book of all the addressed where various data are stored) instruction register (IR) stores an instruction. After fetching an instruction from the memory, the CPU stores it in the IR. It can then be decoded and used to execute an op