短文改错 谓语动词.docVIP

PAGE 3 短文改错之谓语动词 考点1　时态前后不一致 [典例1] When I was a child，I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there。 [典例2] In the mornings，it was full of students exercising. The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid. Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees... 3.]A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside the shop.(2015·全国Ⅱ) 考点2　缺少谓语或谓语动词形式错误 [典例1] We must found ways to protect our environment.(2015·全国Ⅰ) [典例2] So real friendship should able to stand all sorts of tests.(2014·大纲全国) 考点3　语态错误 Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem. [典例2] Tony was scared and begun to cry.(2015·全国Ⅱ) [典例3] Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles.(2013·新课标全国Ⅱ) 考点4　主谓不一致 [典例1] My dream school look like a big garden.(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ) [典例2] The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.(2014·辽宁) 考点5　情态动词误用以及虚拟语气 [典例1] If you are me，would you talk to them？(2015·四川) [典例2] My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile，I found out that with more patience I must make my toys last. My attitude changed from then on.(2012·新课标全国) 短文改错之动词错误提分技巧 一．常考考点 1.时态使用错误 （1）一般现在时和一般过去时的混用；（2）短文中时态的使用前后不一致； （3）在特定语境条件下时态地误用； 2．语态错误主要包括 （1）主动语态与被动语态的误用；（2）被动语态中be动词的遗漏； （3）不及物动词用了被动语态。 3．非谓语动词的形式变化使用错误 （1）动词不定式符号to的赘余或残缺；（2）过去分词和现在分词的混用等； （3）非谓语动词不同的时态和语态相混淆；（4）非谓语动词同谓语动词相混淆。 二、解题策略，提分技巧 1.动词时态、语态“四根据一辨别” （1）根据全文的时态或行文逻辑进行改错。（2）根据句中的时间状语进行改错。 （3）根据连词连接的成分的对称原则进行改错（4根据固定句式里面的时态要求进行该错。 （5）仔细辨别主语和谓语时主动关系还是被动关系，看动词时及物动词还是不及物动词。如果是及物动词要看其后有无宾语，是否是跟双宾语的动词等。 2.非谓语动词“两识别两判断” （1）识别动词作谓语还是非谓语，若简单句中已有谓语动词，则考虑是否应用非谓语动词； （2）识别三种非谓语动词的基本用法，即动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词； （3）对照谓语动词发生的时间，判断非谓语动词的各种时态变化形式； （4）从非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系判断非谓语语态形式。 考点归纳 动词和动词短语 常考的几类动词及短语 规则1：主动形式表被动含义 某些不及物动词及短语，本身表被动含义，所以他们常用主动形式。 这类动词及短语有：happen, occur, come out(（出版），cost, turn up(被找到)， come into being（产生）， come to one’s mind(想起)， come into use(开始使用)， turn out(证明是，结果是)， come about(发生)， break out， belong