不定式-ing分词和ed分词间的关系.pdfVIP

语 法 结 构 - 不定式、-ing 分词和-ed 分词三者间的关系 一、动词不定式与-ING 分词的区别 1. 作宾语时，-ING 分词表示抽象的、一般性或习惯性的和连续性的动作，而不 定式则表示某次具体动作，特别是将来的动作 1) The school cannot tolerate on exams. ［A ］ cheating ［B ］ to cheat ［C ］ be cheated ［D ］ being cheated 2) News of success keeps in. ［A ］ pouring ［B ］ to pour ［C ］ poured ［D ］ to be pouring 3) Long ［A ］ before the dawn ［B ］ of recorded ［C ］ history, humans celebrated to harvest ［D ］ their crops. 2. 作定语时，-ING 表示正在进行的动作，用-ING 的完成时表示动作的完成；不 定式表示未来发生 4) We were overjoyed at the news of China another man-made satellite. ［A ］ having launched ［B ］ to have launched ［C ］ to launch ［D ］ launched 5) The applicants interviewing ［A ］ are required to ［B ］ bring all the necessary papers ［C ］ two days later ［D ］ . 6) Sorghum(高梁) leaves ［A ］ occasionally contain ［B ］ enough hydrocyanic acid killing ［C ］ livestock(牲畜) ［D ］ . 3. 当谓语动词是进行时的时候，用不定式而不用-ING 分词作宾语 4. 在 remember,forget 等词后，如果跟-ING 分词，表示-ING 分词的动作发生在 主要谓语之前；如果跟不定式则表示不定式的动作发生在主要谓语动作之后 5. stop, go on 和leave off 之后跟接动词不定式和-ING 分词所表达的意义有所不同 They stopped (talking) to work. ［停下(其他动作)来工作］ They stopped working. ［停下工作(来干其他动作) ］ Workers went on discussing the problem. ［工人继续讨论这一问题］ Workers went on to discuss the problem. ［工人们停下来其他事，继续讨论这一问 题］ He left off writing. ［他停下写作(去干其他事) ］ He left off to write. ［他停下(其他事)来写作］ 6. … used to 后跟不定式和-ING 分词，后跟不定式有两种情况：一种是 used to 是 固定用法表示“过去经常干……”；另外一种情况是 use 的被动词态“be used”后跟 不定式；后跟-ING 分词的情况有一种，那就是当 used to 中的used 是形容词时， to 后跟名词或-ING 分词 7) When he was in the plastic plant, he together with the workers. ［A ］ has worked ［B ］ had worked ［C ］ had been worked ［D ］ used to work 8) You will soon this climate and then the changes in temperature will not affect you. ［A ］ get used to ［B ］ get to ［C ］ get over ［D ］ get on with 9) Mr. Anderson used to jogging ［A ］ in the crisp morning ［B ］ air during ［C ］ the winter months ［D ］ , but now he has stopped. 7. 一般情况下，for 后边跟接 there to be,而 o