定语从句的特殊用法.docVIP

英语中定语从句难点透析 汉中市委党校王珂 在函授《英语》第二册中，讲到定语从句这个语法，我这里把难点作一分析、归纳。 定语从句是修饰某一名词或代词的从句，起形容词的作用。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。引导定语从句的词叫关系词。?关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如：The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman.? 该句中，who is?shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man， “who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。关系代词和关系副词引导的定语从句在课本中已作详细讲解，不再赘述，这里主要谈其特殊用法 一、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。例如 ⒈The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous. The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。 ⒉Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which / that) you asked for. Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.明天我将把你要的杂志带来。 ⒊This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday. This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday. 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。 ⒋We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom / who / that) we have often talked about. We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom / who / that) we have often talked about. 我们 将去听那位我们经常谈论的著名歌唱家演唱。 ⒌The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions. The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions 我工作的那家公司的经理十分注意改善我们的工作条件。 【注意】①含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：look for, look after, take care of 等。例如： ⅰThis is the watch (which / that) I am looking for.??? (正)???? 这是我正在找的手表。 This is the watch for which I am looking . (误) ⅱThe babies (whom / who / that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy.??? (正)?那个 保姆照看的小宝宝们都很健康。 The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy. （误） ②若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who, that；关系代词指物时只可用 which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。例如 ⅰThe man with whom you talked just now is my neighbour.??? (正)? 你刚才跟他谈话的那个人是 我的邻居。 The man with that / who you talked just now is my neighbour.??? (误) ⅱThe plane in which we flew