研究生专业英语讲义.pptxVIP

专 业 英 语;1、英语词汇的基本构词方法 2、研读专业英文 3、科技英文特点分析 4、专业英语论文写作简介 5、分组英语学术报告 ;英语的词汇;词汇量的层次;英语单词的结构;词素分为：词根（root)和词缀（affix);precept pre- detain de- insist in- monograph mono- overrate over-, ;;基本构词方法;派生法 (derivation); conduct conductive, conductiveness, conductance, conductible, conductivity, conduction, conductometer, conductor, semiconductor ;构词能力强的前缀：re-, pre-, non-, un-, de-, anti-, mis-, mal-, co-, pro-, super-, ex-, inter-, over,… 构词能力强的后缀：-er, -ness, -ese, -ism, -ist, -ics, … 构词能力强的形容词：-able, -ish, -less, -ic, … 构词能力强的动词：-ise/ize, -ify, … 注意: 在专业英语中构词能力强弱与出现频率 的差别,如-ful, -ly, … ;复合法 (compound);1）语义－－非简单相加; greenhouse, greenhand 2) 语法结构－－比较特殊; home-made, new-born 3）读音－－重音落在第一个 组成部分上。 blackboard, darkroom;复合词的书写;转化法 (conversion);其它构词方法;2)、首字母缩略词;3)、首字母拼音词;4)、拼缀词;希腊词根;chron, chrono- time chronicle, chronology, synchronize ped- child encyclopedia, orthopedic, pedagogy, pediatrics ortho – correct orthopedist, orthodox, unorthodox gen, gena – race genesis, homogeneous, heterogeneous;meter, met – measure diameter, chronometer, photometer ant, anti – against antibiotic, antibody, antidote, antiseptic derm – skin epidermis, hypodermic, dermatologist phan, phen – show fantasy, phantom, phenomenon therm, thermo – heat thermometer, thermal, thermostat;prot, proto – first protocol, prototype, protoplasm thesis, thet – set hypothesis, thesis, synthesis, synthetic aster, astr, astro – star asterisk, asteroid, astrologer, astronaut gram, graph – letter, writing epigram, graphite, monogram;ab, abs – from, off abrade, avocation, abdicate, abduct, abhor, abscond, absolve, abstain, abnormal, abrupt, absorbing, averse ad – to adherent, advent, adversary, adapt, adjoin, adjourn, addict