2017届中考英语语法考点复习精讲检测题3.docxVIP

第胡课 陈述句、祈使句、疑问句和感叹句閱 I DIJ9KE CMENBHUJU. 0IHIJ If, VIWENJUHECANT^NJU 磴语法考点精讲. 考点一陈述句之肯定句变否定句 陈述句是用来叙述一件事情或表明说话人的看法、态度等的句 子。包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。通常肯定句变否定句的方法是： 若句中有连系动词be、情态动词或助动词，则分别在它们的 后面加上not。如： His mother has already called the police for help. —His mother hasntcalled the police for help yet. 例 Sometimes youre supposed to come early.变为否定句) Sometimes you supposed to come early. 解析：因为句中有连系动词 are,所以在变否定句时，应在 are 后加not。 答案：are not 原句中没有连系动词be、助动词或情态动词时，要在行为动 词前加助动词(do, does, did)与否定副词not。并注意这时的行为动 词要用原形。另外，还需要将原句中的some改为any, too改为either, already改为 yet。如： The old man hurt his leg last Wed nesday.—The old man did nthurt his leg last Wedn esday. 例 He did some work this morning.（变为否定句） He do work this morning. 解析：句子的谓语动词为did，变否定句时加助动词did与not, 答案:注意这时的行为动词要用原形，句中的 some变为any 答案: didn, any 英语中有些肯定句与not连用只表示部分否定，所以在变为否 定句时，只需将其中的某一（些）词语变为否定词即可。常见的这类词 有 both — neither, all 宀 none, both... and... — neither... nor..., every on e/each— no one/n obody, each/eithe— n either, a few— few ,a little —little。如： All the students are listening carefully. — None of the students is/are liste ning carefully. Both Joy and Sam like singing Beijing Opera. — Neither Joy nor Sam likes singing Beiji ng Opera. 例 I know about the news. You can ask Peter. He can tell you the n ews. everyth ing B. no thi ng C. any thi ng 解析：从句子 You can ask Peter. He can tell you the news可判断， “我”对这个消息一无所知，所以用否定词 nothing。 答案：B 在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中，当主句的主语是第一人称， 谓语动词是think时，如果要否定后面的宾语从句，习惯上否定主句 的谓语动词。女口 ： I think she will come here soon. —I don thi nk she will come here soon. 考点二祈使句 祈使句是用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等的句子。常省略主 语，谓语动词用原形。肯定结构都以动词原形开头。否定结构主要有 “Don+动词原形+其他”和“ No+名词或动名词”两种形式。 Put the books in your bag.把书放到你的书包里。 Donbe late.不要迟到。 No parki ng here.这里禁止停车。 例 1 buy your ticket from a ticket machine. There are lots of people there. A. Not B. Not too C. Don D. Don to 解析：祈使句的否定形式是在句子前面加 don,故答案选C。 答案：C 例 2 — Look at the sign;what does it mean? —It means “ ” . A. Don talking B. No talking C. Not talk 解析：表示“不要说话”可以使用 Don talk.或No talking