Lesson16MarineRefrigeration正版分享[共48页].pptVIP

Wuhan Institute of Shipbuilding Technology Power Engineering Department Lesson 16 Marine Refrigeration 第16课 船舶制冷 The natural transfer of heat (热的自然传递) is from a hot body to a cold body, the function of a refrigeration plant (制冷装置) is to act as a heat pump (热泵) and reverse (逆向) this process so that rooms can be maintained (保持) at low temperatures for the preservation of foodstuffs (储存食物), or air can be cooled for the air conditioning (空调). 热的自然传递是由热的物体传向冷的物体。制冷装置的作用是像热泵一样，使上述热传递逆向进行，从而使冷却空间能保持低温以储存食物，或使空气冷却用于空调。 The usual system employed (应用) for marine refrigeration plants (船舶制冷装置) is the vapor compression cycle (蒸气压缩式制冷循环), for which the basic marine vapor compression refrigerating system is shown in Fig. 16-1. 船舶制冷装置通常应用的是蒸气压缩式制冷循环，基本原理如图16-1所示。 The pressure of the refrigerant gas (冷剂气体) is increased in the compressor (压缩机) and it thereby becomes hot. 冷剂气体经压缩机压缩升压、升温。 This hot, high pressure gas is passed through into a condenser (冷凝器). 高温高压蒸气流入冷凝器。 Depending on (根据) the particular application (用途的不同), the refrigerant gas will be cooled either by air or water, and because it is still at a high pressure it will condense (冷凝). 根据用途的不同，冷剂蒸气被空气或者水冷却，在高压下冷凝。 The liquid refrigerant (液态冷剂) is then distributed through a pipe network (管网) until it reaches a control valve (控制阀) alongside an evaporator (蒸发器) where the cooling is required. 然后液态冷剂流经管网到达蒸发器前的控制阀处。 This regulating valve (调节阀) meters (控制,测量) the flow (流量) of liquid refrigerant into the evaporator, which is at a lower pressure. 调节阀控制进入蒸发器的低压液态冷剂的流量。 Air from the cooled space (制冷空间) or air conditioning system is passed over the evaporator and boils off (蒸发) the liquid refrigerant, at the same time cooling the air. 从制冷空间或空调装置出来的空气流经蒸发器使冷剂蒸发的同时自身也得到冷却。 The design of the system and evaporator should be such that the entire liquid refrigerant is boiled off and the gas slightly superheated (过热) before it returns to (回到). the compressor low press