小波转换与应用.pptVIP

EE 5632 小波轉換與應用 Chapter 5 Orthogonal Filter Bank 2 by 2 Paraunitary Examples 5.2 Orthonormal Filter Banks Time Domain : Condition O and the Alternate Flip Condition O Polyphase Domain : Condition O and the Alternating Flip Modulation Domain : Condition O and the Alternating Flip Symmetry Prevents Orthogonality 5.3 Halfband Filters 5.4 Spectral Factorization Computation of Zeros of Polynomials 5.5 Maxflat (Daubechies) Filters Formulas for P(ω) The Halfband Filter P(z) Transition Band for Maxflat Filters Müller’s method Newton’s method Eigenvalue method: The roots of a polynomial are the eigenvalues of its N×N companion matrix . The eigenvalues can be found by the QR method. Method B (solve quadratic equations) Matching powers of in : A quadratic system! Example 5.5 Method C (matrix factorization) The columns of P have entries p(-N),…, p(0),…, p(N). L U decomposition of infinite matrix P. Approximate method : Cholesky factorization of PR. PR is a finite section of P and is still symmetric and positive definite. Example P(ω) =1- cosω Take c(0)=0.9659, c(1)= -0.2588 which agrees with previous results of c(0)= =0.9659 c(1) = = -0.2588 Method D (Cepstral method) L(z) = log P(z)= = log C(z-1)+log C(z) |zi||z | 1/|zi| l(n) is the complex cepstrum of p(n). c(0) = c(n)= We need only N+1 coefficients l(0),…, l(N) in the logarithm to find all N+1 coefficients c(0), …, c(N). To find those l(n) from the given p(n), we use a large-size FFT in the z-domain. A typical size is 8N, for acceptable accuracy. Orthogonal and maxflat Condition O and Condition Ap Condition O p(0)=1 and p(2) = p(4) =…= p(2p-2) = 0 Condition Ap C(ω) has a zero of order p at ω=π: C(π)=C?(π)=…=C (p-1)(π) = 0. Condition A1 on c(n) : C(π)=0 Condition Ap on c(n): P(ω) =