药剂学英文名词解释整理.docxVIP

叮叮小文库 叮叮小文库 - - PAGE # I.What is pharmaceutics? How many bran ches of pharmaceutics 2. What is a drug? Give some examples A drug is defi ned as an age nt inten ded for use in the diag no sis, mitigatio n, treatme nt, cure, or preve nti on of disease in huma ns or in other ani mals. 药物是有目的地用于诊断、缓解、治疗、治愈或预防人类或动物疾病的物质。 Emetic （induce vomiting 催吐齐U ） and antiemetic （prevent vomiting 止吐齐U ） drugs Diuretic drugs （increase the flow of urine 禾U尿剂） Expectorant drugs （increase respiratory tract fluid 除痰剂） Cathartics or laxatives （evacuate the bowel 泻药） Other drugs decrease the flow of urine, diminish body secreti ons, or in duce con stipati on （ 便 秘） Drug sta ndards The united states pharmacopeia （药典）and the national formulary （ 国家药品标准 ） Pharmakon, meaning “ drug” ; poiein, meaning “ make” ; The comb in ati on in dicates any recipe or formula or other sta ndards required to make or prepare a drug. Orga ni zed sets of mono graphs or books of these sta ndards are called pharmacopeias or formularies. Interna tional Crganiza tion for standardization （ISC） is an intern atio nal con sortium of represe ntative bodies con stituted to develop and promote un iform or harm oni zed intern ati onal sta ndards. 国际标准化组织是一个代表性的国际联合会， 其设立是为了发展和增进国际标准的均一性和 协调性。 ISC 9000-IS09004 used in the pharmaceutical in dustry ISC in cluded sta ndards perta ining to developme nt, product ion, quality assura nee, quality con trol, detect ion of defective products, quality man ageme nt, and other issues as product safety and liability. ISC包括标准适合开发、生产、质量保证、质量控制、缺陷产品的检测、质量管理和 其他如产品安全性和责任的问题。 Intern ati on ally recog ni zed quality- man ageme nt system. Prodrugs is a term used to describe a compound that requires metabolic biotransformation after adm ini strati on to produce the desired pharmacologically active compo und. （前体药物使之能够在给药后经体内代谢性生物转化成具有期望的药理活性化合物的化合 物。） a lead compo und is a prototype （原形化学物质） chemical compo und that has a fun dame ntal desired biologic or pharmacologic activity. （先导化合物是一种具有生物学和药