GRE阅读逻辑题思路实例讲解5种方法总有一款适合你.docxVIP

实用文档系列 文档编号：YL-SY-85077 第 第 PAGE 1 页 共 NUMPAGES 1 页 GRE阅读逻辑题思路实例讲解5种方法总有一款适合你 At the Shadybrook dog kennel, all the adult animals were given a new medication designed to reduce a dog’s risk of contracting a certain common infection. Several days after the medication was administered, most of the puppies of these dogs had elevated temperatures. Since raised body temperature is a side effect of this medication, the kennel owner hypothesized that the puppies’ elevated temperatures resulted from the medication’s being passed to them through their mothers’ milk.Which of the following, if true, provides the most support for the kennel owner’s hypothesis?(A) Some puppies have been given the new medication directly but have not suffered elevated temperatures as a side effect.(B) The new medication has been well received by dog breeders as a safe and effective way of preventing the spread of certain common canine infections.(C) None of the four puppies in the kennel who had been bottle-fed with formula had elevated temperatures.(D) an elevated temperature is a side effect of a number of medications for dogs other than the new medication administered at the kennel.(E) Elevated temperatures such as those suffered by most of the puppies in the kennel rarely have serious long-term effects on a puppy’s health.该题目比较典型。1. 要搞清楚，逻辑单题里面的支持题(support)和削弱题(weaken)都是支持或削弱结论即可，不需充分也无需必要。那什么是充分、什么是必要呢?我们来回顾基本概念哦亲。充分条件是，A条件一定推出B结论;必要条件是，没有A条件，一定没有B结论。那么，不充分意思是，A条件不一定推出B结论。同时，不必要意思是，没有A条件也有可能得出B结论。2. 原文的模式属于fact-cause模式，也就是已知事实，求原因，对于求原因，逻辑上有密尔五法：求同法、求异法、同异并用法、剩余法和共变法。举例：求同法：五个人去食堂吃饭，都拉肚子了，五个人吃的都不一样，但是都喝了一杯咖啡。拉肚子的原因是什么呢?咖啡求异法：五个人去食堂吃饭，吃的一样，但是A多喝了一杯咖啡，A拉肚子了，A拉肚子的原因是什么?咖啡同异并用法：五个人去食堂吃饭，2个人喝了咖啡，都拉肚子，3个人没有喝咖啡，都没有拉肚子。那么拉肚子的原因是什么呢?咖啡。剩余法：A去食堂喝饮料，喝了两杯饮料，咖啡和可乐，已知可乐肯定不会导致拉肚子，那么咖啡一定是拉肚子的原因。共变法：在其他条件不变的情况下，温度越高，体积越膨胀，所以加温是体积膨胀的原因。有了这个基础，我们再来看这个题目。题干说，在Shadybrook狗舍，所有成年狗都被用了一种新药治疗，来降低感染某传染病的风险。药物治疗几天后，多数小狗温度上升。因为体温上升是该药物的副作