键、花键和销联接key, spline and pin joints_图文.doc

§12 键、花键和销联接 Key, splineand pin joints Key joints Spline joints Pin joints Other joints §12-1 键联接 Key joints ?分类 Types of the key joints?平键联接的尺寸选择和强度计算 Option of sizes and strength calculations for straight key joints * Selection of sizes and strength & Calculations for straight key joints 一、分类 Types of the key joints Key jointsLoose jointsTight joints Straight key joints Woodruff key joints Ordinary straight key joints Guiding and sliding straight key joints Taper keyTaper key jointsTangent double- taper key joints 1. 普通平键联接 Ordinary straight key joints 平键的两侧面是工作面,靠键和键槽之间的互压传递 转矩。 The load is carried by the sides of straight keys. The both side surfaces of key and keyway press each other, through which the torque is transmitted. Rounded end Square endOne rounded and one square end 2. 导向平键和滑键 Guiding and sliding straight key 3. 半圆键 Woodruff key 4. 楔键联接 Taper key joint 楔键联接上下面为工作面,靠键、轴和毂之间 的摩擦力以及键受到的偏压传递扭矩。 Torque is transmitted by friction of above and below surfaces on the key, shaft and hub. 5. 切向键联接 Tangent double-taper key joint切向键的工作面是两个楔键组成矩形的窄面,工作面上的挤压 力沿轴的切线方向,靠挤压传递扭矩。 Tangent double-taper key joint comprises two taper keys. The tow taper keys compose a rectangle and the small face of the rectangle is its operating surface. Torque is transmitted by the pressure between the operating surfaces of the key , shaft and hub. 二、平键联接的尺寸选择和强度计算 Selection of sizes and strength calculations for straight key joints 失效形式 Types of failure ⑴主要失效形式 The main types of failure:工作面压溃 Crushing (静联接 Fixed joints 工作面磨损 Wear (动联接 Sliding joints ⑵有时:键剪断 shear failure of the key(一般不作 计算,重要时验算 No such strength calculations are required in designing. 工作面的压溃或磨损发生在键、轴和毂三者中较弱 的零件上,一般为毂。 Crushing or wear of the operating surfaces usually take place on the elements of which the strength is weakest among the key, shaft and hub. And it usually occurs on the hub. 2. 计算公式 Calculations 假设压力在键的接触长度范围内分布均匀,则根据 挤压强度或耐磨性的条件性计算 It is assumed that the pressure is uniformly distributed over the