铭传大学资讯工程系所.ppt

Network Business Division / Product Development Department IPv6 Technology 徐武孝 博士 銘傳大學資訊工程系/所 高速網路及IPv6實驗室 Content Why IPv6 ? IPv6 Concept IPv6 Header ICMPv6 Why IPv6 ? A Need for IPv6? IETF IPv6 WG began in early 90s, to solve addressing growth issues, but CIDR, NAT,…were developed IPv4 32 bit address = 4 billion hosts ~40% of the IPv4 address space is still unused which is different from unallocated The rising of Internet connected device and appliance will eventually deplete the IPv4 address space IP is everywhere Data, voice, audio and video integration is a reality Regional registries apply a strict allocation control So, only compelling reason: More IP addresses Why Not NAT NAT breaks the end-to-end model Growth of NAT has slowed down growth of transparent applications No easy way to maintain states of NAT in case of node failures NAT break security IPv6 Concept Larger Address Space IPv4 32 bits =~ 4,200,000,000 possible addressable nodes IPv6 128 bits = 340,282,366,920,938,463,463,374,607,431,768,211,456 nodes IPv6 Address Notation 128 bits Represented by 8 colon-separated segments Each 16-bit segment written in hexadecimal Example: 3ffe : 3700 : 1100 : 0001 : d9e6 : 0b9d : 14c6 : 45ee IPv6 Address Structure An IPv6 address formed by two entities: Prefix Interface ID: Ethernet MAC address mapped to Interface ID IPv6 Prefixes The prefix indicates the bits that have fixed values or are the bits of the network identifier. Prefixes for IPv6 subnet identifiers, routes, and address ranges are the same way as CIDR. An IPv6 prefix is written in address/prefix-length. For example 21DA:D3::/48 is a route prefix. 21DA:D3:0:2F3B::/64 is a subnet prefix. A subnet mask is not used for IPv6. IPv6 Address Compaction Leading zeroes in a 16-bit segment can be compacted Example: Fe80 : 0210 : 1100 : 0006 : 0030 :a4ff : 000c : 0097 Becomes: Fe80 : 210 : 1100 : 6 : 30 : a4ff : c : 97 IPv6 Address Compaction (Cont.) All zeroes in one or more contiguous 16-bit segmen