概述HLA分型技术.pptVIP

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概述HLA分型技术.ppt

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* HLA分型技术上海交通大学医学院彭奕冰主任技师优选 * Major Histocompatibility Complex(MHC) What is MHC? HLA H-2 Minor histocompatibility antigens 优选 * Significance of the MHC role in immune response role in organ transplantation role in predisposition to disease 优选 * Progress in organ transplantation 优选 * Genetic barriers to transplantation autologous: in the same individual (autograft) isologous: between genetically Identical individuals (isograft), i.e., identical twins (inbred animals) homologous: between individuals of the same species (allograft) heterologous: between individuals different species (xenograft) 优选 * Principles of transplantation 优选 * Minor histocompatibility antigensand graft survival minor histocompatibility antigens also cause rejection The rejection time is variable but longer than that for major histocompatibility antigen They have additive effects 优选 * Graft versus host (GVH) disease 优选 * GVH disease in humans 优选 * The human MHC genes 优选 * The mouse MHC genes 优选 * Polymorphism of MHC antigens (based on phenotype) HLA基因系统的多态性及一些主要基因座位的等位基因数正式命名显示多态性的HLA基因座位有31个，共2 320个等位基因。? 图中所示为常见基因座位的等位基因数。优选 * The inheritance of MHC genes 优选 * Crossing overresults in new haplotypes 优选 * MHC products expressed on cells If Jack and Jill have four children; Bo, Kim, Mo and Lee They’ll all inherit antigens of the parental MHC Oft their haplotypes will be of the father or mother Unless during meiosis, a crossover should occur 优选 * Class-I expressed on all nucleated cells in man, and also on erythrocytes in mice. Class-II expressed primarily on antigen presenting cells (dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells, etc.) Differential expression of MHC antigens 优选 * Alloreactivity of T cells: MLR and CTL generation CD4+TH1 CD8+CTL CD8+preCTL 优选 * Alloreactivity of T cells Positive Selection Thymus Alloreaction (MLR) Proliferation and Differentiation 优选 * Inflammation lysis ADCC lysis IL2, IFN ? TNF?, NO2 IL2, IL4, IL5 IL2, TNF?,