English word roots英文精品课件.pdfVIP

英文字根字汇之历史及演化 起源 Egyptian (Pictograms, 象形文字 如 ) Phoenician – 腓尼基语 (Syllable, 契形文字 如 ) Early Greek (Alphabetic, 如 English, Alphabetic Writing-拼字母阶段, 并分为 Cyrillic-古斯拉夫字母 Roman) Roman (如 B ) Chinese, Logogram Writing ( - 表意文字阶段 组合的符号来代表实体而没 有透过声音) Japanese, Syllabic Writing (拼音节阶段) Proto-Indo-European (最早的印欧语系) Balto-Slavic Indo-Iranian ↓ ↓ Germanic Celtic Italic Hellenic Baltic Slavic Indic Iranian ↓ ↓ ↓ (Latin) (Ancient (Sanskrit-梵文) ↓ ↓ Greek) ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ German Gaelic Italian Greek Latvian Russian Hindi Persian English Irish Spanish Lithuanian Polish Bengali Persian Dutch Welsh French Czech Danish Portuguese Bulgarian Swedish Romanian Norwegian Notes: 梵文研究在东西语言研究史上有很重要的地位 中国人所诵之佛经 很多专有名词都是梵文的音译 印度教徒相信祷告及礼仪只能用 Sanskrit-梵文之发音 回教教徒相信可兰经只能用阿拉伯文来念 犹太教的祷文也只能用希伯语来念 The English vocabulary (字源) Native (1/4) – 1. body parts of eye, foot, ear 2. family relationships of father, wife, son 3. everyday objects of stone, house, cow 4. physical acts of eat, drink, and sleep 5. physical characteristics of red, small, quick Borrowed (3/4) - a. classical of Latin and Greek (dish, butter, street, cheese,