古典文学翻译范例之一：红楼梦Hongloumeng；The St.pptVIP

【古典文学翻译范例之二】《水浒传》两种英译本之比较 《水浒传》 （节选） 施耐庵 罗贯中 第四十七回 扑天雕双修生死书 宋公明一打祝家庄 一：赛珍珠译本 All Men Are Brothers (Excerpt) Translated by Pearl S. Buck CHAPTER XLVI The Egle Who Smites The Heavens twice writes a letter of brotherhood. Sung Chiang goes for the first time to attack the village of the Chu family. 二：沙博理译本 Outlaws of the Marsh (Excerpt) Translated by Sidney Shapiro FORTY-SEVEN Heaven-Soaring Eagle Writes Two Letters Requesting Reprieve; Song Jiang’s First Attack on the Zhu Family Manor 【概述】 《水浒传》是中国文学史上一部以农民起义为题材，描写农民起义从揭竿而起，到轰轰烈烈，再到悲壮尾声的长篇巨著。《水浒传》在中国小说史上占据着不可替代的位置，究其原因，除了思想性、艺术性登峰造极之外，作者的满腔热忱也是它得以流传广远、妇孺皆知的重要原因。《水浒传》从诞生至今，已经将近五百年了，随着其英译本的出现，它的影响已超越国界，为更多读者认识和喜爱。 赛珍珠(Pearl S. Buck)是第一位翻译《水浒传》的西方人。她将书名翻译为All Men Are Brothers，取“四海之内皆兄弟”之意。另一位译者沙博理(Sidney Shapiro)，将书名译为Outlaws of the Marsh，不象中文“水浒”那么含蓄，倒是直白。 此处所选四十七回“扑天雕双修生死书 宋公明一打祝家庄”是小说中关键一回，描写人物、事件丰富复杂，如何处理颇能体现两位译家的风格。 中国古典章回小说章章有题目，这一点与西方小说只给出章节数不同。并且章回小说的题目往往起到画龙点睛的作用，不可不译。而作者为达到最高的艺术效果，总是倾其心智，极尽遣词造句之能事。如本处所选《水浒传》之四十七回，题目为：扑天雕双修生死书 宋公明一打祝家庄。不但简洁明了地概括了全章内容，且对仗工整，极富汉语音韵美和节奏感。当然，这也给翻译带来了难题。比较一下赛珍珠和沙博理的不同处理法，不难看出，前者选用的方法是以散文体译诗体，避开诗体难译这块大石头，比较灵活；而后者用诗体译诗体，不但从意义上忠实于原文，而且在形式上也尽量向原文靠近，也有一定的可取之处。 话说当时杨雄扶起那人来，叫与石秀相见。石秀便问道：“这位兄长是谁？”杨雄道：“这个兄弟，姓杜，名兴，祖贯是中山府人氏，因为他面颜生得粗莽，以此人都叫他做鬼脸儿。 赛译: IT IS SAID: At the time when Yang Hsiung lifted up that man and Shih Hsiu saw him then Shih Hsiu asked, saying, “Who is this brother?” Yang Hsiung answered, “This brother is surnamed Tu and his name is Hsing, and his ancestors were men of Chung Shan Fu. Because his face is so coarse and wild men all call him the Devil Faced. 沙译: Yang Xiong raised the man to his feet and called Shi Xiu over. “Who is this brother?” asked Shi Xiu. “Du Xing is his name. He’s from the prefecture of Zhongshan. Because of his crude features everyone calls him Demon Face. 上年间做买卖，来到蓟州，因一口气上打死了同伙的客人，吃官司在蓟州府里。杨雄见他说起拳棒都省得，一力维持救了他。不想今日在此相会。” 赛译: Last year he came to Chi Chou to do business and in a fit of anger he killed his fellow traveler