塑料，循环经济与全球贸易.docxVIP

Contents Executive summary 4 Introduction 6 Context 6 Purpose and scope 8 Initial findings 9 Regulations 9 Standards and data 9 Investment 11 Processes 12 Towards solutions 13 Trade policies 14 Conclusion 17 Contributors 18 Endnotes 19 Executive summary This briefing note is jointly written by the World Economic Forum’s Platform for Shaping the Future of Trade and Global Economic Interdependence, the Forum-led Global Plastic Action Partnership, and key experts and partners of the World Economic Forum. The paper offers an overview of the challenges to developing a circular global plastics economy and trade policy areas that could help tackle the growing issue of plastic pollution. The content is a preliminary assessment, with further research and the trade policy areas suggested meriting further discussion. Every year, the world produces more than 400 million tonnes of plastics, much of which is mismanaged after use, causing untold damage to the environment and societies. The paper acknowledges the importance of addressing this issue across the plastics value chain and taking a holistic approach based on the “three Rs” – reduce, reuse and recycle. It then focuses on waste management, recycling and reuse, as stakeholders frequently flagged cross-border friction in these areas. Only 14–18% of plastic waste is formally recycled, as a global average, and the percentage is much lower in some countries. Until recently, a large proportion of plastic waste intended for recycling was exported, a source of controversy due to inadequate infrastructure for proper disposal in importing countries. Changes in domestic rules and the international regulatory regime have altered this picture. However, while moves to avoid plastic waste dumping are critical, there is a need for further thinking on how to enable responsible, legitimate trade to establish recycling economies of scale. Insights were gathered for this paper through a series of dialogues, a survey and in