《韩非子》“名实”之辨及其政治哲学意涵.pdf

华东师范大学硕士学位论文 摘 要 韩非子对名实关系的思考是其思想的重要内容，韩非子以对名实关系的思 考，展开对政治问题的思考与建构，致力于解决当时的社会问题。 《韩非子》中的名实之辨主要体现在韩非子对“形名”和“刑名”的论述中， 其中“形名”是韩非子对广义上的名实关系的讨论，主要讨论事物名称和事实之 间的关系，而“刑名”则专注于对政治领域的名与实的探讨。《韩非子》中“名” 的探讨最终的思想归宿是让政治活动名实相符，让君主能够循名责实，稳定政治 秩序。 在韩非看来，名实关系是君主据以治国的重要手段，首先，韩非子为“形名” 确定了形而上的根据，“形名”成为沟通 “道”与 “法”、“术”、“势”的中 介；其次，韩非子提出“循名以责实”，即术的运用来将名实关系落实于政治实 践中；最后，韩非子就此提出“审名以定位，明分以辩类”，进一步深化了“正 名”的政治理论，强调了势的运作方式。 韩非子的名实关系在政治上存在较明确的指向性，对当时的政治统治具有较 高的实践价值：一、有助于君主集权；二、明确臣的责任；三、对名实之辨的分 析可走向传统的公正无私观念。 关键词：韩非子，名实之辨，道理，责任，公正 I 华东师范大学硕士学位论文 ABSTRACT Han Feizisthinking on therelationship between name andreality isan important part of his thinking. With his thinking on the relationship between name and reality, Han Feizi started to think about and construct political issues, and was committed to solvingthe socialproblemsofthetime. Han Feizis distinction of name and reality is mainly reflected in Han Feizis discussion of form andname （形名）and penalty andname （刑名）.Form and name is Han Feizis discussion of the concept of name and reality in a broad sense, mainly discussing the relationship between the name of the thing and the fact ,And penalty andnamefocuseson thediscussion ofname andreality in thepolitical field. The ultimate ideological end of the discussion of name in Han Feizi is to match the political activities with the real ones, so that the monarch can be accountable to thetruth accordingtothename,and stabilizethepoliticalorder. From Han Feizis point of view, the relationship between name and fact is an important means for themonarch to govern the country.Firstly,Han Feizi established a metaphysical basis for the form and name, which became the intermediary for communicatingtheprinciple Tao withtheLaw Fa politicaltri